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IMM2011

Basic immunology: The body's defence system

QuestionAnswer
What are the hematopoietic stem cells? They are cells that have the ability to differentiate into different blood cells.
What are the two immunological cell lineages that arise from the hematopoietic stem cells? lymphoid and myeloid
What are the three cell lineages that arise from the hematopoietic stem cells? lymphoid, myeloid and erythroid
What cells fall into the category of granulocytes? basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes
What immune cells are associated with lymphoid? lymphocytes: natural killer cells, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes
What immune cells are associated with myeloid? granulocytes: megakaryocytes (platelets), erythrocytes (red blood cells), mast cells, myeloblasts
what is a erythroid progenitor? red blood cells and platelets
Are all leukocytes the same size? monocytes are generally the largest. platelets are the smallest.
lymphocytes size 6-18 micrometres
monocytes size 12-20 micrometres
neutrophils size 12-15 micrometres
eosinophils size 12-15 micrometres
basophils size 12- 15 micrometres
platelets size 2-4 micrometres
dendritic cells can develop from both lineages, has innate properties but critical for developing adaptive immunity.
where do t-cells develop? thymus
where to t-cells mature? thymus
where do b-cells mature? bone marrow
what is the mature form of monocytes macrophage
how do monocytes mature? monocytes move into tissue and differentiate into macrophages. continuous process
macrophage function phagocytic cell - engulf and kill pathogen. clear dead cells and debris. process and present antigens.
neutrophil type and appearance granulocyte. multi-lobular nucleus.
neutrophil function phagocytosis and activation of bactericidal mechanisms.
eosinophil function killing of antibody-coated parasites
basophil function promotion of allergic responses and augmentation of anti-parasitic immunity
which is the most abundant granulocyte? neutrophil
eosinophil and basophil appearance have granules that contain enzymes and toxin to comabt microbes
which cells combat parasites too large to ingest eosinophils and basophils
which cells are important when there is an allergic response eosinophils and basophils
lifespan of granulocytes few days
what are polymorphonuclear leukocytes? another name to collectively describe granulocytes. (eosinophils, neutrophils and basophils)
key functions of granulocytes phagocytosis and degranulation
why do dendritic cells have a large surface area? the long dendrites
cell that connects the innate system and adaptive system dendritic cell
what is macropinocytosis constant sampling of extracellular fluid and content
where can you find dendritic cells? they are generated in bone marrow, and it circulates in blood and enter tissues
what are the body's to main circulation systems blood circulation lymphatics
blood circulation movement of oxygen, nutrients and cells to tissues
lymphatics movements of fluid and cells from tissues. lymphatics are integral part of how adaptive immunity is generated and features the presence of lymphoid organ
what does the lymphatic system do? it is necessary for maintaining homeostasis of fluid in the tissues. it absorbs and drain fluid between cells that has leaked out from the blood vessels
does lymph fluid red blood cells no it doesn't
primary lymphoid organs Where immune cells are made and/or mature Bone marrow Thymus
secondary lymphoid organs Where immune response are generated Spleen Peripheral lymph nodes Tonsils Peyer’s patch Inguinal lymph node All other lymph nodes
Created by: redshre
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