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SO Med Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| electrolytes | compounds whose ions will conduct electricity in solution |
| electron | subatomic particle with a negative charge that orbits the proton and neutron |
| enzyme | protein that catalyzes a biochemical reaction (less energy, less time) |
| ion | atom or molecule with a + or - charge |
| isotopes | atoms of an element whose nuclei contain a different number of neutrons |
| lipid | organic compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but relatively less oxygen than carbohydrates. (Fats) |
| metabolism | all of the chemical reactions in the body. catabolism anabolism |
| protein | chains of small organic molecules called amino acids |
| active transport | ATP dependent absorption or excretion of solutes across a cell membrane |
| cytoplasm | cell contents between the cell membrane and the nucleus membrane |
| cytosol | the fluid portion of the cytoplasm |
| diffusion | passive molecular movement down a concentration gradient |
| endocytosis | a method of ingestion of a foreign substance by a cell. The cell membrane invaginates to form a space and then closes to trap material inside the cell. |
| endoplasmic reticulum | a network of membranous channels in the cytoplasm of a cell that function in intracellular transport, synthesis, storage, packaging, and secretion |
| exocytosis | the ejection of cytoplasmic materials by fusion of a membranous vesicle with the cell membrane |
| gene | a portion of a DNA strand that functions as a hereditary unit and is found at a particular location on a particular chromosome |
| Golgi apparatus | cellular organelle consisting of a series of membranous plates that give rise to lysosomes and secretory vesicles |
| mitochondria | an intracellular organelle responsible for generating most (95%) of the ATP required for the cell |
| mitosis | the division of a single cell into two identical daughter cells |
| nucleus | organelle that contains DNA, RNA, and proteins. Control center of cell |
| organelles | an intracellular structure that performs a specific function or group of functions |
| osmosis | the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane toward a solution containing a relatively high solute concentration |
| phagocytosis | the engulfing of extracellular materials or pathogens; movement of extracellular materials into the cytoplasm by enclosing in a membranous vesicle |
| protein synthesis | the assembling of protein by transcription and translation |
| ribosome | an organelle containing ribosomal RNA and protein that is essential to mRNA translation and protein synthesis |
| transcription | the encoding of genetic instructions on a strand of mRNA |
| translation | the process of peptide formation using the instructions carried by mRNA |
| tumor | a tissue mass formed by the abnormal growth and replication of cells |
| cutaneous membrane | the epidermis and papillary layer of the dermis |
| dermis | the connective tissue layer beneath the epidermis of the skin |
| epidermis | the epithelium covering the surface of the skin |
| hair | a keratinous strand produced by epithelial cells of the hair follicle |
| hair follicle | an accessory structure of the integument; a tube, lined by a stratified squamous epithelium, that begins at the surface of the skin and ends at the hair papilla |
| integument | the skin; the integumentary system |
| keratin | tough, fibrous protein component of nails, hair, calluses, and the general integumentary diseases |
| melanin | yellow-brown pigment produced by the melanocytes of the skin |
| nail | keratinous structure produced by the epithelial cells of the nail root |
| sebaceous glands | glands that secrete sebum, usually associated with hair follicles |
| stratum germinativum | base layer of epidermis which houses stem cells, receptors, and attaches |
| subcutaneous layer | the layer of loose connective tissue below the dermis; also called hypodermis |
Created by:
casphian
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