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Ch15 SS Formation 23

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Fragmentation breaking up of a large object into many smaller pieces, such as during a collision
Perturbation deviation in the motion of a body caused by the gravitational force of a passing object
Protosun central accumulation of material in early stages of solar system formation; the Sun's forerunner
Planetary System solar system with one or more planets present
Plutino Kuiper Belt Object whose orbital period (like Pluto's) is in a 3:2 resonance with the orbit of Neptune
Exoplanet planet orbiting a star other than the Sun (a.k.a. an extrasolar planet)
Brown Dwarf "failed star" that doesn't have enough mass to initiate core nuclear fusion
Center of Mass "average" position in space of all the matter comprising a number of orbiting bodies
Doppler Effect any motion-induced change in the observed wavelength (or frequency) of a wave
Redshift increase in wavelength of the light from a source moving away from us
Blueshift decrease in wavelength of the light from a source that is moving toward us
Radial Velocity motion either towards or away from an observer
Transverse Velocity sideways motion relative to an observer
Eccentricity a measure of the flatness of an ellipse
Eclipse event where one body passes in front of another, so that the light from that body is diminished
Luminosity total energy radiated by a star each second, at all wavelengths
Planetary Transit orbital configuration in which a planet is observed to pass directly in front of a star
Semi-major Axis the largest radius of an ellipse
Hot Jupiter massive, gaseous planet orbiting very close to its parent star
Dusty Disk Theory planets form in gaseous and dusty protoplanetary disks around young stars
Selection Effect observational bias due to the way in which measurements are made
Created by: john_bailey720
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