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Jeremy
A&P WEEKS 1-7
| The normal reading or range is called the: | set point |
| To accomplish self-regulation, a highly complex and integrated communication control system or network is required. This type of network is called a: | feedback control loop. |
| Local control or _____, intrinsic mechanisms often make use of chemical signals. | autoregulation |
| Of the pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex? | tapeworms |
| Negative-feedback mechanisms: | minimize changes in blood glucose levels,maintain homeostasis, and are responsible for an increased rate of sweating when air temperature is higher than body temperature. |
| deoxynucleic ribose (DNA) | genetic material of the cell that carries the chemical “blueprint” of the body |
| effector | that responds to a regulatory control signal, such as a nerve stimulus or hormone |
| integrator | center or control center that receives sensed information and compares that to stored or setpoint information, possibly sending a response to an effector that will act to change the value of the sensed information |
| positive feedback | feedback control system that is stimulatory; tends to amplify or reinforce a change in the internal environment |
| In base pairing of DNA molecules, _____ is bound to _____. | adenine; thymine |
| ___ is the form of energy that cells generally use. | ATP |
| Which of the following is polymer of glucose that is sometimes referred to as animal starch? | Glycogen |
| Which lipid is part of vitamin D? | Prostaglandins |
| A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a: | phospholipid and steroid |
| If one side of a DNA molecule is CTAGGCTG, the other side would be: | GATCCGAC. |
| Amino acids frequently become joined by: | peptide bonds. |
| amino acid | type of chem-ical unit from which proteins are built; also have other functions made up of a carbon atom to which are bonded an amino group and carboxyl group |
| macromolecule | large, complex chemical made of combina-tions of molecules |
| hydrophilic | adjective describing a particle or substance that is attracted to water |
| hydrophobic | adjective describing a particle or substance that is not attracted to (or is repelled by) water |
| diploid | normal number of chromosomes per somatic cell |
| Diffusion of particles through a membrane by means of a carrier molecule is called: | facilitated diffusion. |
| A saline solution that contains a higher concentration of salt than a red blood cell would be: | hypertonic. |
| The correct order of the phases of mitosis is: | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. |
| Which of the following terms is synonymous with tumor? | Neoplasm |
| NaCl would move through the cell membrane in which direction? | Both into and out of the cell |
| Osmosis can be defined as | the net movement of water molecules from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration. |
| Diffusion moves | down a concentration gradient. |
| Red blood cells are placed in an unknown solution. After 45 minutes, the cells are examined and determined to have decreased in size. The unknown solution is | hypertonic. |
| aquaporin | integral membrane protein that forms a small channel (pore) in cellular mem-branes for the transport of water molecules; aquaporin may refer either to the protein itself or to the pore structure (or aquapore) formed by the protein’s shape |
| catabolism | breakdown of food compounds or cytoplasmic con-stituents into simpler compounds; opposite of anabolism |
| catalyst | chemical that speeds up reactions without being changed itself |
| citric acid cycle | second series of chemical reactions in the process of glucose metabolism in which carbon dioxide is formed and energy is released; it is an aerobic process |
| coenzyme | organic, nonpro-tein catalyst that acts as molecule carrie |
| The tiny bulge at the end of a terminal branch of a presynaptic neuron’s axon is called a(n) | synaptic knob. |
| The mechanisms that produce and maintain the resting membrane potential do so by producing a | slight excess of positive ions on the outer surface of the plasma membrane. |
| A membrane that exhibits a membrane potential is said to be | polarized. |
| An ion channel that opens in response to a sensory stimulus is a(n) | stimulus-gated channel. |
| Which of the following terms describes an isometric contraction? | Static tension |
| Kicking a football is accomplished by knee: | extension. |
| Which joint allows for the widest range of movement? | Ball and socket |
| Tilting the foot upward, decreasing the angle between the top of the foot and the front of the leg, is called: | dorsiflexion. |
| Attempting to pick up an object too heavy to lift would result in which type of muscle contraction? | Isometric |
| Thick myofilaments extend the length of the: | A-band. |
| Which of the following is a location in which you would find fibrous cartilage | Public symphysis and Interverbal discs |
| The fontenelles of an infant's skull consists of | fibrous membrane |
| The nail body forms at the nail root, which has a matrix of proliferating cells from the _____________ that enables the nail to grow continuously. | stratum basale |
| The hair papilla consists of _____ tissue. | dermal |
| Smooth muscles that produce goose pimples when they contract are the _____ muscles. | arrector pili |
| The gland responsible for the waxy secretion in the external ear canal is: | ceruminous. |
Created by:
jfernand
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