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NU300 Exam 6

GI Study Guide

QuestionAnswer
What gastrointestinal changes are associated with aging? Everything slows down. Decrease of nutrient absorption. Increased risk of constipation/impaction.
What are the 4 components of an abdominal assessment? Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation
Besides an abdominal assessment, what else should be examined in a GI physical assessment? Mouth, Teeth, Ability to swallow BM pattern and Anal area
What is visualized during an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)? Esophagus, Stomach, Duodenum
What level of sedation is a patient placed under for an EGD? Moderate sedation
How long should a patient be NPO before an EGD? 6-8 hours
What medications should a patient avoid prior to an EGD? Aspirin, NSAIDS, Anticoagulants
What should the nurse know in regard to giving food/fluid to a patient post EGD? Do NOT offer food or fluids until the patients gag reflex has returned
What is the priority intervention after an EGD? Preventing aspiration
What is visualized during a colonoscopy? Entire large bowel
What kind of diet should a patient getting a colonoscopy be placed on the day prior to the exam? Clear, liquid diet. Avoid colored beverages and gelatin.
How long should a patient be NPO before a colonoscopy? 4-6 hours
What medications should a patient avoid prior to a colonoscopy? Aspirin, Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets
Explain colon prep for a colonosocopy. Patients drink a gallon of colon prep (Golytely) the night before or even the morning of the procedure.
What level of sedation is a patient placed under for a colonoscopy? What medications are used? Moderate sedation-- Versed, Diprivan, Fentanyl
Care for patients with oral cavity problems include... weekly self-exam of mouth, well balanced diet, brush/floss daily, manage stress, avoid contact w/ inflammatory agents, avoid reducing flow of saliva, changes to occlusion of teeth, regular dental visits, proper denture fit/care
Define stomatitis. Inflammation of the oral cavity/mouth
What history should the nurse obtain from a patient with stomatitis? Recent infections, nutrition changes, oral hygiene habits, oral trauma, stress
Symptoms of stomatitis. Dry, painful mouth / open ulcerations
Difficulty eating or swallowing associated with stomatitis can alter a patients ________ status. Nutrition
Severe stomatitis and edema can potentially obstruct the ______. Airway
In stomatitis, lesions seen along the pharynx and dysphagia can indicate... The lesions might extend down the esophagus
What kind of toothbrush should a patient with stomatitis use? Soft toothbrush
Patients with stomatitis should avoid mouthwashes containing ____. Alcohol
What should patients with stomatitis use as mouth rinse, and how often? Baking soda and warm water or saline every 2 hours
What temperature should food be for a patient with stomatitis? Cool/cold
What should the diet of a patient with stomatitis look like? Soft, bland, non-acidic & increased intake of vitamin C and protein
If a patient with dentures is experiencing severe stomatitis or oral pain, what can they do? Remove dentures
When would acyclovir be used in stomatitis? If it was caused by oral hereps
Why is nystatin used in stomatitis? To treat yeast/fungus
What should the nurse include when educating a patient on how to use nystatin? Swish and swallow
What is commonly used to control the pain of stomatitis? Lidocaine/ "magic mouthwash"
When would lidocaine be contraindicated to control pain in a patient with stomatitis? Dysphagia
Created by: morgansellers
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