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Geochem exam 1
Geo 304 T1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is an electron | small negative atomic particle, doesn’t affect the weight |
| Atomic # | amount of protons in an element |
| Atomic Mass | Protons and Nutrons, an avg to factor in isotopes |
| Valence electrons | The outermost shell of electrons |
| Periodic table rows | Order of atomic mass |
| Periodic table columns | Similarity in number of Valance ice cream |
| Atomic # increase | decrease in abundance |
| Nuclear Fusion | forms lighter elements |
| Neutron Capture | forms Heaver elements |
| measuring concentrations | ppm and ppb |
| Accuracy | how close you are to the expected value |
| Precision | how close measurements are to each other |
| Valance State | Stabilize electron orbitals through electron transfer |
| Ionic bonds | combo of elements with different electrons |
| Covalent bonds | weak, o=o |
| Water | hydrogen bonds, highest surface tension of any liquid, high heat capacity, ions dissolve in it |
| Negative thermal expansion | when the solid phase is less dense than the liquid |
| Ph | [H+], how acidic or basic a solution is, on a log scale |
| Acid | increase of [H+] when dissolved in water, <7 |
| Base | increase of [OH-] when dissolved in water >7 |
| Neutral | =7 |
| Kpa | shows the strength of the substance, more negative the stronger the acid |
| Can a weak acid be dangerous? | Yes |
| Reduction | gains electrons |
| Oxidation | looses electrons |
| Aerobic | oxygen environment |
| Anaerobic | no oxygen |
| Inorganic As(III) | more toxic and more mobile |
| Elemental As | less toxic and less mobile |
| Enthalphy | heat content of a system |
| Endothermic | energy consumed |
| Exothermic | energy produced |
| Heat capacity | amount of heat needed to raise 1 mole of something 1* C |
| PFAS | Per and Polyfluoralkyl substance, synthetic, all around us |
| AFFFS | Aqueous film forming foams, used in miltary and fires |
| Alkanes | single bond carbon base skeleton |
| Alkenes | double bond carbon base skeleton |
| Alkynes | tripple bond carbon base skeleton |
| Octane | alkane, more compressible, used in gas |
| specific heat of alkanes | related to # of C atoms |
| CFC | any compound that is harmful to O3 |
| DOC | dissolved |
| POC | particulate |
| Emerging Contaminants: pharmaceuticals | Antibiotics, Synthetic hormones, Pain killers, Anti-depressants |
| SO2 sources | coal and oil combustion |
| soil with low Ph | plants can take in more nutrients |
| Specific gravity | density in comparison to water |
| Solubility | how will something dissolve in water |
| Vapor Pressure pa | amount of pressure needed to keep something a liquid, low more likely to evaporate |
| Kow | how likley will it mix with fatty tissue, or dissolve in octanol or regular water |
| 4.0 Kow | bio accumulate (fatty tissue) , the [] and location of POC |
| <4.0 Kow | [] and location of water and clay minerals |
| DNAPL | dense non aq phase liquid -- high specific gravity |
| BCF | bioconcentration factor |
Created by:
kniyafunc
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