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Chapter 17.3

RNA Processing

QuestionAnswer
RNA processing Modification of pre-mRNA before leaving the nucleus to be expressed -modifies the mRNA ends and RNA splicing
mRNA end modifications -5' end receives 5' GTP cap -3' end receives poly-A-tail (AAAAAAA) -facilitates export of mRNA to cytoplasm -protects from hydrolytic enzymes -helps ribosomes attach to 5' end
introns noncoding segments within a primary transcript that are removed during RNA splicing -UTR -also refers to segment of DNA from which it's transcribed
UTR untranslated region
exons sequence within a primary transcript that remains in mRNA after RNA processing -expressed genes
RNA splicing removes introns and joins exons, creating a mRNS molecule with continuous coding sequence
snRNPs (small nuclear ribonucleoproteins) RNA protein complexes that combine with unmodified pre-mRNA and other proteins to form spliceosome
splisosome consist of proteins and snRNP's that splice RNA by interacting with end of RNA introns, releasing it, and joining exon edges
ribozomes catalytic RNA molecules that function as enzymes and can splice RNA
properties of RNA that enable it to function as an enzyme 1. Can form a 3-D structure because it can base-pair with itself 2. Some bases in RNA contain functional groups that can catalyze 3. RNA can hydrogen bond with other nucleic acid molecules
alternate RNA splicing type of gene regulation in which mRNA molecules are produced from the same primary transcript depending on which RNA segments are treated as exons and introns
domains discrete structural and functional region of a protein -different exons code for different domains
Created by: maddiemiller
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