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Nervous System Exam
Nervous+Nervous System
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| What is the purpose of the neuroglia cell | to structurally and functionally support the neurons |
| what are examples of the CNS | astrocyte and oligondendrocytes |
| Examples is PNS | Schwann cells` |
| Synaptic Transmission? | the impulse |
| Synapse | junction between 2 neurons or a neuron and target cell |
| telodendron | branched structure on presynaptic neurons |
| synaptic cleft | gap between the two cells |
| neurotransmitter | chemical stimulates and bridges the synaptic cleft |
| Presynaptic neurons | depolarization wave to the synapse and releasing the chemical to stimulate the cell |
| postsynaptic neurons | neuron that contains the receptor and receives the neurotransmitter |
| Terminal/synaptic end bulb | slightly enlarged bulb that contains many mitochondria that provides energy to the proccesses |
| receptors | specialized proteins on a posy synaptic membrane "lock and key" |
| Primary neurotransmitter of sympathetic nervous system | norepinephrine |
| Adrenergic neurons | neurons that release norepinephrine |
| Primary neurotransmitter of parasympathetic | Acetylcholine |
| cholinergic neurons | neurons that release acetylcholine |
| nicotinic acetylcholine recptors | located at the neromuscular junction |
| muscarinic acteylcholine recptors | target organs |
| parts of the neurons | dendrites, cell body, axon, nodes of ranvier, telodendron |
| neuron function | not stimulating is the resting state |
| Polarization | negative inside and positive outside |
| depolarization | stimulated impules from an adjoining neuron . |
| what are the 2 classifications of nerotransmitters | exciting neurotransmitters(depolarization of the membrane) and inhibatory neurotransmitters(hyperpolarization) |
| Vessels(alpha1) | adrenergic receptors, vasoconstriction of the skin,GI tract and kidney |
| Heart(beta1) | adrenergic receptors increase heart rate and force of constriction |
| bronchioles (beta2) | adrenergic receptors cause bronchodialation |
| catecholamines | norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine |
| GABA | found in the brain , helps tranquilization w/sedation |
| Glycine | found in the spinal cord |
| Cerebr/o | Brain |
| Encephal/o | Brain |
| Cerebell/o | Cerebellum |
| Lob/o | Lobe |
| Cephal/o | Head |
| Crani/o | Head,Skull |
| Mening/o | Meninges (membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord) |
| Gangli/o | Nerve Bundle |
| Dur/o | Dura (tough outer membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord) |
| Neur/o | Nerve |
| Myel/o | Spinal Cord, Bone Marrow |
| Esthesi/o | Feeling, Sensation |
| Phas/o | Speech |
| Phren/o | Mind |
| Psych/o | Mind |
| Somn/o | Sleep |
| Hypn/o | Sleep |
| Gnosi/o | Know |
| -mania | Excessive desire |
| -paresis | Partial paralysis |
| -phobia | Excessive fear |
| Ton/o | Muscle tone, tension, pressure |
| Tax/o | Arrangement, order, coordination |
| -plegia | Paralysis |
| -asthenia | Weakness |
| Delirium | Brief loss of mental function |
| Dementia | Loss/decline of mental function |
| Dystonia | Condition characterized by involuntary muscle movements |
| Myoclonus | Muscle twitching |
| Somnambulism | Sleep walking |
| Syncope | Fainting |
| Cephalagia | Head pain |
| Encephalagia | Brain pain |
| Hemiparesis | Partial paralysis on half the body |
| Hemiplegia | Paralysis on half the body |
| Monoparesis | Partial paralysis of one limb |
| Monoplegia | Paralysis of one limb |
| Causalgia | Burning sensation |
| Parasthesia | Abnormal sensation (numbness of tingling in the skin) |
| Synesthesia | Condition where one sensation is experienced as another |
| Agnosia | Inability to comprehend |
| Apathy | Lack of emotion |
| Nystagmus | Involuntary back and forth eye movements |
| Prosopagnosia | Inability to recognize faces |
| Afferent Nerve | A nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system |
| Efferent Nerve | A nerve that carries impulses away from the central nervous system |
| Idiopathic | Having no known cause or origin |
| Interictal | Time between seizure |
| Postictal | Time after a seizure |
| Preictal | Time before a seizure |
| Clonus | Muscle spasm or twitching |
| Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) | An accident involving blood vessels of the brain |
| Stoke | Loss of brain function caused by interruption blood flow/supply to the brain |
| Hemorrhagic Stroke | A stroke where the blood loss is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel |
| Ischemic Stroke | A stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage |
| Transient Ischemic Stroke | A "mini stroke" caused by the blockage of a blood vessel, which goes away within 24 hours |
| Cerebral Aneurysm | The dilation of a blood vessel in the brain |
| Cerebral Arteriosclerosis | The hardening of an artery in the brain |
| Cerebral Atherosclerosis | The hardening of an artery in the brain caused by the buildup of fatty plaque |
| Cerebral Embolism | The blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object such as fat or bacteria |
| Cerebral Thrombosis | The blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) | The hardening of the nerve cells on the sides (lateral) of the spine leading to the loss of muscle tissue from disuse |
| General Anesthetic | Causes complete loss of sensation |
| Local Anesthetic | Anesthetic that does not cause loss of consciousness |
| Regional Anesthetic | Anesthetic that injected into a nerve causing loss of sensation over a particular area |
| Topical Anesthetic | Local anesthetic applied to the surface of the area to be anesthetized |
| Analgesic | A drug that relieves pain |
| Anticonvulsant | A drug that composes convulsions |
| Thrombolytic | A drug that dissolves clots |
Created by:
kanthonyeacc
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