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human genetics

quiz

TermDefinition
human genome project mapping every gene on every chromosome in the human gene pool
chromosome source blood from various individuals worldwide
karyotype profile of the chromosomes in a cell
autosomes chromosomes that contain traits of the body cells
sex chromosomes chromosomes that determine gender
genetic testing determining family links and the potential of an individual to develop a disease
genetic engineering intentionally changing an organism’s gene code
gene splicing placing specific genes into an organism’s gene code to change what proteins are made
restriction enzymes break apart DNA at specific gene sequences
GMO genetically modified organisms
gene therapy replacing faulty genes with normal ones
stem cells neutral cells whose DNA has not been activated yet
biodelivery using viruses to deliver gene sequences to living cells
cloning producing genetically identical offspring using the DNA from a single cell
polyploidy condition where an organism’s cells have more than the diploid number of chromosomes
DNA fingerprinting analyzing sections of DNA that vary among individuals
PCR making many copies of small amounts of DNA
forensic value used when there is little DNA evidence available
RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) mapping the genome of an organism
gel electrophoresis using electricity to separate nucleotide base pairs
sex linked traits traits that appear only on sex chromosomes
color blindness inability to see certain wavelengths of light
hemophilia reduced ability to form a clot
muscular dystrophy loss of muscle use
sex influenced traits traits that result from chemicals produced by the autosomes
protein synthesis activating a gene to begin forming desired proteins
promoters gene sequence that starts making a protein
repressors gene sequence that stops the making of a protein
cancer cells do not respond to cyclins - enzymes that control the cell cycle
benign tumors mass of abnormal cells that has not spread
malignant tumors mass of abnormal cells that had spread
carcinogens environmental (external) factors that cause cancer
oncogene genetic defect that causes cancer
Created by: KiahnaL
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