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Chapter 15.1-15.2

Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance, Sex-linked genes

QuestionAnswer
chromosomal basis of inheritance genes are located on chromosomes and the behavior of these chromosomes during meiosis (segregation and assortment) can explain Mendels law of inheritance
hereditary factors on genes, located in specific locations on specific chromosome
wild type the normal/common phenotypes in a species population
morgan fruit flies produce lots of offspring, new generations every 2 weeks, only have 4 chromosomes
mammal sex chromosomes -person with XX chromosomes develops as female -person with XY chromosomes develops as male -only ends of Y chromosomes have regions that are homologous with larger X chromosome
sex-linked genes a gene linked on either sex chromosome -most are X, few are Y
expression of recessive x-linked genes for x-linked traits to be expressed: -males only need one copy of the allele, more common in males -females need two copies of alleles or one dominant allele and one recessive
grasshopper sex chromosomes xx or x -depends on whether sperm contains X or not
bird and some fish sex chromosomes zz (male) or zw (female)
bee and ant sex chromosomes no sex chromosomes, no fathers -females = fertilized diploid -males = unfertilized haploid
sry gene a gene on the sex determining part of the y chromosome that develops testes -without it gonads develop into ovaries, even if XY chromosomes
x inactivication During development, females inactivate half of their X gene alleles in order to prevent producing double the amount of the protein -condense into a Barr Body -if the female is heterozygous for gene on X, she will be a mosaic for character
Created by: maddiemiller
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