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Unit 3 Chapter 1
Importance of biodiversity
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biodiversity (international definition) | The variability among living organisms from all sources including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems. |
| Biodiversity (general definition) | the variety and variability of life on Earth and the systems that connect them. |
| Genetic diversity | the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of species, it ranges widely from the number of species to differences within species and can be attributed to the span of survival for a species. |
| Genotype | genetic formation "allel combinations" (traits to withstand threats or disease). |
| Phenotype | genetic features (physical traits that you can see) |
| Species diversity | The variety of different species within a particular location. |
| Species richness | The number of different species in a particular area. |
| Ecosystem diversity | The variation in ecosystems within a geographical location and its overall impact on human existence and the environment. it addresses both biotic and abiotic factors. |
| Ecosystem services | Renewable processes that play a vital role in human survival and quality of life. ie. the benefits people obtain from ecosystems |
| Provisioning services | tangible goods that people can harvest directly from the environment. (wood, food, water, fuel) |
| Regulating services | benefit provided by ecosystem processes that moderate natural phenomena. (control of climate and disease, pollination, water purification) |
| Cultural services | ways in which nature impacts peoples health and wellbeing through recreational and educational benefits as well as improving mental health and building spiritual connections. (cultural value, aesthetic value, recreational value, sense of place) |
| Supporting services | services necessary for the function of all other ecosystem services. this is a long term and indirect services. (cycling of nutrients, soil formation, photosynthesis) |
| Factors affecting genetic diversity | mutation and natural selection, genetic drift, inbreeding, extinction, genetic swamping, demographic variation, loss of organisms |
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