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2.8 Cell Respiration

QuestionAnswer
cellular respiration controlled release of energy from organic compounds in cells to produce ATP
anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen, small yield of ATP
aerobic respiration requires oxygen, large yield of ATP
common phase of cellular respiration glycolysis
location of anaerobic respiration cytoplasm
What happens to pyruvate when there is no oxygen? anaerobic respiration
alcoholic fermentation starts with pyruvate and yields ethanol and CO2 and NO ATP
word equation for alcoholic fermentation Pyruvate yields ethanol and carbon dioxide.
lactic acid fermentation starts with pyruvate and ends with lactate (3C) and NO ATP
word equation for lactic acid fermentation Pyruvate yields lactate.
products of fermentation lactate in animals and ethanol and CO2 in plants, fungi, and yeast
location of aerobic respiration mitochondria
respirometer sealed chambers used to measure rate of respiration by measuring the oxygen intake. Temperature is constant and CO2 is absorbed.
oxidation loss of electrons, gain of oxygen, loss of hydrogen
reduction gain of electrons, loss of oxygen, gain of hydrogen
glycolysis Phosphorylation: 2 phosphates added to glucose creating hexose biphosphate. Lysis: hexose biphosphate is split into 2 triose phosphates. Oxidation: triose phosphates lose H+ and NAD is reduced to NADH. ATP Formation: 2 triose phosphates become 2 pyruvates
structure and function of mitochondria relation 1. inner membrane's cristae increase surface area for ETC 2. outer membrane contains transport proteins for bringing pyruvate 3. matrix includes proper pH and enzymes for Krebs Cycle 4. intermembrane space is for H+ to accumulate for ATP production
link reaction pyruvate is transported from cytoplasm to matrix. It is oxidized and decarboxylated. It becomes acetyl CoA after a 2C compound attaches. CO2 is produced.
Krebs cycle acetyl CoA combines with a 4C compound, decarboxylated 2 twice (forms 2 CO2), oxidized (forms 3 NADH and 1 FADH2), phosphate removed (forms 1 ATP), 4C compound is reformed, 2 total cycles
electron transport chain electrons (brought by NADH and FADH2) pass through a chain of enzymes, chemiosmosis of H+, large amounts of ATP and H2O are created
purpose of NADH and FADH2 carry electrons between Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain
oxidative phosphorylation H+ move from matrix to intermembrane space, concentration gradient, H+ returns through ATP synthase, oxygen is the final electron acceptor
aerobic respiration after the link reaction oxidative phosphorylation
location of H+ concentration intermembrane space
role of O2 final electron receptor
final electron receptor oxygen
Created by: luciepike
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