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chp 3 e.v.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| active transport | drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration |
| cell theory | one of the first unifying concepts developed in biology. (all organisms are made of cells, all existing cells are produced by other living cells, the cell is the most basic unit of life) |
| cytoplasm | a jellylike substance that contains dissolved molecular building blocks |
| cytoskeleton | a flexible network of proteins that provide structural support for the cell |
| centriole | cylinder-shaped organelles made of short microtubules arranged in a circle |
| cell wall | a rigid layer that gives protection, support, and shape to the cell |
| chloroplasts | organelles that carry out photosythesis |
| cell membrane | forms a boundary between a cell and the outside environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell |
| concentration gradient | the difference in the concentration of a substance from one to another |
| diffusion | the movement of molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration |
| eukaryotic cells | have a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles |
| endoplasmic reticulum | an interconnected network of thin, folded membranes |
| endocytosis | the process of taking liquids or fairly large molecules into a cell by engulfing them in a membrane |
| exocytosis | the release of substances out of a cell by fusion of a vesicle with the membrane |
| fluid mosaic model | describes the arrangement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane |
| facilitated diffusion | the diffusion of molecules across a membrane through transport proteins |
| golgi apparatus | consists of closely layered stacks of membrane-enclosed spaces that process, sort, and deliver proteins |
| hypertonic | solution has a solute concentration higher than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| hypotonic | solution has a solute concentration lower than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| isotonic | solution has a solute concentration equal to the solute concentration inside a cell |
| lysosome | membrane bound organelles that contain enzymes |
| mitochondrion | supply energy to the cell |
| nucleus | the storehouse for most of the genetic information (DNA) in your cells |
| organelle | structures specialized to perform distinct processes within a cell |
| osmosis | the process of when water molecules move across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration |
| prokaryotic cells | no nucleus or other membrane bound organelles |
| phospholipid | a molecule composed of 3 basic parts, a charged phosphate group, glycerol, and two fatty acid chains |
| passive transport | the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without energy input from the cell |
| phagocytosis | a type of endocytosis; the cell membrane engulfs large particles."cell eating" |
| ribosome | tiny organelles that link amino acids together to form proteins |
| receptor | a protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response |
| selective permeability | it allows some, but not all materials to cross |
| vesicle | a general name used to describe small membrane-bound sacs that divide some materials from the rest of the cytoplasm and transport these materials from place-to-place within a cell |
| vacuole | a fluid-filled sac used for the storage of materials needed by a cell |
Created by:
sophiamerando
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