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Microbiology

Exam 02 - Energy Metabolism

QuestionAnswer
What are the different categories of energy metabolism? 1. Catabolic/anabolic 2. Oxidation/reduction 3. Enzymes/cofactors 4. "Energy carriers"
What is the definition of 'catabolic'? breaking bonds - energy is release to yield energy for the cells
What is the definition of 'anabolic'? building bonds - energy gained is used to build larger molecules
What is the general definition of oxidation/reduction? transfer of H+ & electrons - protons are always found in the cytoplasm as dissociated ions
What is the definition of oxidation? H+ & electrons are lost - usually when bonds are broken & energy is lost/released
What is the definition of reduction? H+ & electrons are gained - usually when bonds & molecules are build & energy is gained
Describe enzymes? 1. catalyze reactions in cells & sometimes work with cofactors 2. ends in '-ase' 3. can't be changed thru oxidation/reduction
What do enzymes do to the activation energy? They're proteins that DECREASE the activation energy required for a reaction
Can enzymes run reactions in reverse direction? Yes, depending on the amounts & concentrations of products & reactants
What are cofactors? They combine with enzymes to catalyze reactions
What's the significance of cofactors? W/o their presence, some enzymes will not function
Can cofactors get changed thru oxidation/reduction? Yes4 What are some examples of cofactors?
Describe cofactor NAD Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 1. reduced form of NADH 2. made up of 2 nucleotides joined by phosphate 3. accepts electrons in cellular reactions & donate electrons in other reactions
Describe cofactor NADP important in photosynthesis
Describe cofactor Coenzyme A Present in the Krebs Cycle
T/F Energy storage is in HIGH energy bonds that ATTACH phosphates & are released through HYDROLYSIS of the bonds TRUE
What are examples of energy carriers? 1. ATP 2. GTP
Describe ATP Made up of ADP + P(inorganic) - release energy thru catabolic reactions
Where is GTP used? It's an energy carrier used in protein synthesis
Created by: lophung
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