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Bio MP2 Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| role of the cell membrane | control what goes in and out of the cell |
| things cells take in | carbohydrates, oxygen, cholesterol, energy |
| things cells get out | cell waste, carbon dioxide |
| other name for the cell membrane | phospholipid bilayer |
| doors in a cell membrane | protein channels |
| role of protein channels | some things are too big to go through the regular cell membrane; specific channels allow specific materials in and out |
| core of the cell membrane | hydrophobic; water surrounds cell, so hydrophilic heads are facing it |
| ways a bubble is like a cell membrane | it is flexible, it can move around, material can pass without it breaking |
| cell transport | how cells transport things in and out, diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis |
| why we need cell transport | to get rid of waste, and get macromolecules, energy, etc. |
| concentration gradient | a difference in the amount of particles in one area compared to another |
| molecules move from areas with | high concentration to low concentration |
| ways our bodies us diffusion | breathing - oxygen travels into the body to areas with low oxygen and gets dropped off, carbon dioxide gets diffused into the blood |
| diffusion | movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to low concentration (passive transport) |
| facilitated diffusion | same thing as diffusion, but uses a protein channel (passive transport) |
| osmosis | water moving across a selectively permeable membrane from an area with high concentration to low concentration (passive transport) |
| active transport | uses energy, goes from low to high concentration (uphill), bulk transport & pumps, hypertonic, hypotonic |
| passive transport | doesn't require energy high concentration --> low concentration (down hill), osmosis |
| cell survival depends on | balancing water intake and water loss |
| tonicity | the difference in solutes between the outside and inside the cell |
| salt's role in osmosis | sucks water across membranes to where there is more |
| hypotonic | freshwater, more solute inside the cell than outside the cell, water moves from low concentration to high (outside to inside) |
| hypertonic | saltwater, more solute outside the cell than inside the cell, water moves from low concentration to high (inside to outside) |
| isotonic | water moves inside and outside equally, goes both ways |
| cellular currency for energy | ATP |
| a phosphate is removed from ATP | energy is released |
| a phosphate is added to ATP | energy is stored |
| how the body uses active transport | send signals on nerves to tell muscles how to move |
| bulk transport | when cells need to move something really big, active transport |
| endocytosis | cells take in materials, "cells eat", white blood cells |
| exocytosis | send out waste and proteins |
| water + | glucose |
| osmosis occurs when | the solution is hypertonic or hypotonic |
| water moves out of the cell | cell will shrink |
| water moves into the cell | cell will swell |
Created by:
ts2819
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