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Reproduction Test
Study stack for reproduction test definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Asexual Reproduction | identical offspring, one parent, simple organisms, lack of genetic variation |
| Sexual Reproduction | similar but different offspring, two parents, lots of genetic variation |
| Mitosis | used for growth, repair, and development, creates two diploid cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent, used for reproduction in simple organisms, two daughter cells |
| Meiosis | creates four daughter cells with the combination of genes from both parents, used to reduce the number of chromosomes to half, occurs in ovaries and testes |
| Sporulation | releases spores, asexual reproduction, identical |
| Regeneration | regrow parts that have been damaged, asexual reproduction, identical |
| Vegetative Propagation | plant reproduction that is asexual, identical |
| Binary Fission | splitting of a cell into two, asexual reproduction, identical |
| Budding | small buds pops off to create new organisms, asexual reproduction, identical |
| Cancer | an uncontrollable growth of cells, mitotic |
| Diploid | 2n cells that contain double the amount of chromosomes (normal body cells) |
| Haploid | n cells that contain half the amount of chromosomes (sex cells) |
| Gamete | sperm and egg created through meiosis, sex cells, produce new hormones |
| Gonad | ovary and teste |
| Gametogenesis | process of making sex cells |
| Spermatogenesis | process of making sperm cells, makes four cells |
| Oogenesis | process of making egg cells, make one egg and three polar bodies |
| Polar Bodies | cells made in oogenesis that are not used for reproduction |
| Cell Plate | created during cytokinesis in plants to separate cells |
| Cleavage Furrow | created during cytokinesis in animals to separate cells |
| Uterus | site of fertilized egg implantation, sheds if fertilization does not occur |
| Cervix | muscle that protects the womb |
| Vagina | birth canal for babies |
| Fallopian Tubes (Oviduct) | where sperm and egg meet for fertilization |
| Fertilization | sperm and egg meet, the cell starts to divide by mitosis |
| Menstruation | shedding of the uterus lining, happens if fertilization does not occur |
| Ovulation | egg is released from the ovary |
| Follicle Stage | egg matures in a follicle in the ovary |
| Hermaphrodite | has both male and female gonads |
| Parthenogenesis | creation of offspring without a partner |
| Differentiation | cell undergoes mitosis and becomes specialized for function |
| Gastrulation | three germ layers form |
| Internal Development | egg grows inside the body |
| Internal Fertilization | sperm and egg combine inside the body |
| External Development | occurs in land or water, requires an egg |
| External Fertilization | release sperm and egg into an area outside the body |
| Placenta | supplies food for the baby |
| Pollination | done by animals or wind, use the flower petals as attraction for insects |
| Urethra | transports urine out of the body in males and females, transports sperm out of the body in males |
| Testis | produce sperm and testosterone |
| Acrosome | contains protein to digest the egg layer, contains DNA |
| Pituitary Gland | master gland, regulates all glands in the body |
| Scrotum | sac that holds the testis out of the body |
| Glands | provide sperm with semen to aid in transport |
| Yolk | provides nutrients for egg developing animals |
| Estrogen | controls uterine lining thickness |
| Progesterone | is needed from pregnancy to remain valid |
| Cotyledons | provides nutrients for the seed |
| Flower | site of fertilization and gamete formation in plants |
| Fruit | ripened ovary |
| Pistil | contains the style, stigma and ovary in plants, female reproductive organ |
| Stamen | male reproductive organ in plants, contains filament, anther, and pollen |
| Identical Twins | one fertilized egg that splits during differentiation |
| Fraternal Twins | two fertilized eggs |
| Marsupials | give birth to underdeveloped baby, crawls into pouch until maturation |
| Self Pollination | the flower contains both pistil and stamen |
| Cross Pollination | the flower has either a pistil or a stamen |
| Fallopian Tubes | where sperm and egg meet for fertilization |
| steps of zygote development | fertilization, differentiation, cleavage, growth |
| steps of the menstrual cycle | follicle stage, ovulation, luteal phase, menstruation |
Created by:
Sarah Mathai
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