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Exam 1 NUR113
NUR 113 STI
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is gential herpes? | Lifelong viral infection (no cure) caused by HSV 1 or HSV 2 |
| herpes symptoms | Asymptomatic; small painful blisters (vesicles) filled with clear fluid; flu-like; urinary retention; difficulty voiding; vaginal discharge; swollen lymph nodes(males) |
| herpes characteristics | Enter through mucus membranes, forms vesicle 2-14 days post exposure lasting 10-20 days |
| Herpes treatment goal | stop replication of virus and prevent outbreaks to help them get better sooner |
| Herpes Pregnancy Considerations | baby can be born w/ HSV if mom is having INITIAL OUTBREAK; any subsequent outbreaks mom CANNOT have vaginal delivery |
| herpes treatment meds | Acyclovir (Zovirax) - most common Valacyclovir (Valtrex) Famciclovir (Famvir) |
| herpes Pregnancy Treatment | Valacyclovir (Valtrex) starting at 36 wks to suppress outbreaks for vaginal birth |
| What is HPV? | Lifelong viral infection |
| How are STIs transmitted? | Vaginally, orally, anally, oral-genital contact |
| HPV Diagnosis | Pap smear (regular screening); clinical appearance on physical exam |
| Herpes Diagnosis | Viral culture (most definitive), presumptive diagnosis (visual inspection of lesions) |
| What is another name for HPV? | Genital warts |
| HPV Symptoms | most asymptomatic, some have genital warts |
| HPV Treatment meds | Patient applied: Podofilox, Imiquimod Provider Applied: Podophyllum, Trichloroacetic Acid |
| HPV Treatment goals | remove warts with topical agents; warning it can burn skin off |
| HPV Prevention | Vaccination: Gardasil for men and women, Cervarix |
| What is HIV? | Lifelong viral infection that contaminates all bodily fluids |
| HIV Considerations for pregnancy | no breast feeding; increased risk of postpartum infection; |
| HIV Symptoms | Fatigue, flu-like symptoms |
| HIV Med Treatment pregnancy | AZT (Zidovudine) in first trimester and via IV during labor |
| Can women with HIV give birth vaginally? | Yes IF their viral load is low, if it is high they must have a c section |
| Special considerations for a newborn from an HIV Mom | baby is immediately treated w. AZT and given a bath; always wear gloves with an unwashed baby |
| What is Chlamydia? | Bacterial STI caused by Chlamydia trachomas |
| Chlamydia symptoms | asymptomatic in most women, dysuria, urinary frequency, discharge |
| What are the complications of untreated chlamydia? | Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Infertility, Ectopic Pregnancy d/t scarring and inflammation |
| Are ectopic pregnancies an emergency? | YES they are a medical emergency; they can cause hemorrhaging |
| Chlamydia characteristics | stays in |
| newborn complications from chlamydia | newborn blindness, can be treated with erythromycin eye ointment after birth |
| Chlamydia diagnostic tests | PCR Test, Nucleic acid test |
| Chlamydia treatment | antibiotics: Azithromycin (Zithromax), Doxycycline |
| Special considerations for mom w. chlymydia | CANNOT have any -cycline drugs; must take Zithromax; Treat both partners |
| What is the key difference between Gonorrhea and Chlamydia? | Chlamydia stays in pelvic region while Gonorrhea can be systemic |
| Are pregnant women tested for STIs? | YES, they are tested frequently throughout pregnancy and upon admittance to hospital |
| What happens if a mom is positive for an STI upon admission? | Treat with appropriate antibiotics, this will treat mom and baby |
| What is Gonorrhea? | Bacterial STI caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae; a pyrogenic that causes inflammation |
| Gonorrhea symptoms in men | acute pain in testes (epididymis), discharge, difficulty voiding, |
| Gonorrhea symptoms in women | PID, Endometritis (inflamed lining of uterus), Salpingitis (inflamed ovaries), Pelvic peritonitis, dyspareunia (painful intercourse) |
| Where can gonorrhea live? | Any mucous membrane! Throat, rectum, vagina |
| Gonorrhea symptoms in rectum | Pruritus, mucopurulent discharge, bleeding, pain |
| Gonorrhea complication in women | PID, increased susceptibility to HIV |
| Gonorrhea complications in newborns | blindness, infection of joints, potentially lethal |
| Gonorrhea complications in men | epididymitis, prostatitis, Increased susceptibility to HIV |
| Gonorrhea diagnostic tests | cultures, urinalysis, gram stain, tests for other STIs |
| Gonorrhea treatment | eradication of organism, prevention of reinfection or transmission of other STIs |
| What is Syphilis? | Complex bacterial systemic STI caused by Treponema pallidum |
| How can you get Syphilis? | Through a break in skin or through mucous membranes; congenital syphilis - transferred to fetus through placental circulation |
| Manifestations of Primary syphilis | chancre (syphilis sore), regional lymph node enlargement, 3-4wks post contact, little to no pain, highly infectious |
| Manifestations of Secondary syphilis | 6wks no treatment; systemic spirochete spread to all major organ systems, rash, mucous patches in oral cavity, sore throat, generalized lymph swelling, condyloma lata (wart) |
| What does a Chancre look like? | a skinned knee |
| Manifestations of latent/tertiary syphilis | 2+ yrs no treatment; transmission still possible; 2 types benign late and diffuse inflammatory response; |
| Complications of latent syphilis | brain damage (dementia), CNS involvement, cardiovascular damage etc |
| Diagnostics for syphilis | FTA-ABS confirmatory, VDRL |
| Syphilis treatment | Penicillin G via IM Single dose |
| syphilis treatment complication | Jarish-Herxheimer reaction - as spirochete goes into blood and dies it causes fever, muscle aches, tachycardia, and low BP; Occurs w/i 24h of receiving med |
| What can help with dysuria? | pouring water over genitals while urinating, letting the tap run, |
Created by:
failingstudent88
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