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Bio Test 6.1 and 6.2

Bio

QuestionAnswer
How many chromosomes do gametes have? (23) half the number of chromosomes that body cells have
What are the two categories of cells Body cells- somatic cells Germ cells which develop into gametes (sperm and egg)
All cells except gamete cells, 200 different kinds Somatic cells (body cells)
Develop into gametes, located in ovaries and tests, sex cells, have DNA that can be passed to offspring Germ cells
What are the 2 categories of chromosomes Autosomes and sex chromosomes
How many pairs of chromosomes do you body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes ( somatic cells)
For each homologous pair of chromosomes how many chromosomes come from each parent One chromosomes
Chromosomes pairs 1-22 are what Autosomes, controls most traits
Sex chromosomes what determine gender in mammals X and Y (pair 23) xx= females xy= males
Chart of chromosomes made during prophase Karyotype
In karyotypes there are how many of each chromosome 2
Are they next to their identical partner and is one from each parent Yes
How is it organized form largest to smallest
Body cells are what... Diploid
Gametes are what... Haploid
When does the fertilization between the egg and sperm cell occur In sexual reproduction
In _______ cells they have 2 copies of chromosomes, and half of the chromosomes come from each parent Diploid
In ________ cells they have one copy of every chromosome, and have 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosomes Haploid
At fertilization each cells brings what 1/2 (haploid cells)
Meiosis makes what haploid cells from diploid cells
Meiosis occurs in what sex cells
Meiosis produces what gametes
What is the production of gametes Gametogenesis
Gametogenesis includes what both meiosis and changes that produce a mature reproductive cell
What is a sperm cell's contribution DNA
In sperm cells DNA is what tightly packed and much of cytoplasm is lost resulting in a compact head
Sperm cells develop what A flagellum and neck region packed with mitochondria
When does the gametogenesis of egg cells start? Begins before birth
What does the gametogenesis in egg cells include Periods of active development and long periods of inactivity
What does the egg contribute to DNA and organelles
How many of the 4 cells produced by meiosis becomes an egg cell One
Are offspring diploid or haploid Diploid
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction -offspring have genetic combination that is different from both parents, mixing of genetic material provides for diversity in the offspring,
The process where homologues pair up with each other and exchange different segments of genetic material to form recombinant chromosomes Crossing over
When does crossing over occur Between prophase 1 and metaphase 1 of meiosis
In nondisjunction sometimes the chromosomes don't separate correctly
Examples of impacts of Nondisjunction Trisomy 21- Down's Syndrome Klinefelter's syndrome- XXY or XXX Turner's Syndrome- XO (2 X is missing)
How many divisions are in meiosis 2 divisions (PMAT x2)
How many divisions are in mitosis 1 divisions (PMAT x1)
In meiosis what pairs up Homologous chromosomes
Do homologous chromosomes pair up in mitosis NO (crossing over)
In Meiosis 1 sister chromatids do what remain together
In Mitosis sister chromatids do what Separate
Meiosis results in what haploid cells
Mitosis results in what Diploid cells
Meiosis occurs in what Gametes
Mitosis occurs in what Somatic cells (body cells)
Created by: astei
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