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Body Systems

TermDefinition
function The specialized activities performed by a system, organ, body part, object, or device
model Any representation of a system (or its components) used to help one understand and communicate how it works.
organ A collection of tissues that performs a particular function or set of functions
structure The parts of an object or system, including what they are made of, their shapes, and their arrangement. The way that an organ or body part is made up, including its shape and the types of tissues or other substructures that form it.
levels of organization The levels of structure in an organism, ranging from subcellular organelles to cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
organ system (organ system) A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function.
digestive system system responsible for taking in and processing nutrients, and eliminating wastes
mouth/teeth mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
esophagus passageway to get food from mouth to stomach
stomach continues to mechanically and chemically breakdown food by mushing and acid
liver produces bile which breaks down the fat in food particles
pancreas produces a digestive enzymes that neutralize stomach acid
small intestine chemical digestions continues. Filled with ridges(villi) that allow the nutrients to pass through to the blood vessels of the circulatory system
large intestine Dehydrates, and compacts indigestible material for future elimination
rectum stores feces prior to elimination
anus opening to let the feces out
mechanical digestion breaking, mashing, crushing of food into smaller pieces
chemical digestion large molecule are broken down into nutrients that can fit into cells
Central nervous system process all incoming and outgoing messages; brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system consists of communication pathways or nerves that connect all areas of your body to the the central nervous system
Neuron/nerves specialized cells that transfer messages through the body
Impulse the electrical message transferred by neurons
Receptor part of the sensory neuron that detects changes in the body
Brain the control center of the body, collects and sends signals to all body parts
Reflex a quick, involuntary reaction initiated by the spinal cord
Sensory neuron information collectors
Motor neuron deliver movement instructions
respiratory system exchanges gases between the body and the environments
lungs bag-like organs that house the alveoli
trachea passageway from nose to lungs
alveoli small sac surrounded by blood vessels responsible for exchanging gases between the lungs and the circulatory system
diaphragm large muscle that contracts to expand the chest cavity to allow air to flow into the lungs
artery, arteries: The tubes (blood vessels) that carry blood away from your heart. Most carry oxygen-rich blood.
atrium, atria The two chambers of your heart (one on the left and one on the right) where blood enters the heart.
blood The two chambers of your heart (one on the left and one on the right) where blood enters the heart.
blood vessels: The tubes in your circulatory system that carry your blood.
capillaries: Tubes (blood vessels) that have walls so thin that oxygen, nutrients, and waste can pass through the walls into and out of the cells in your body, to and from your blood.
circulatory system: The system that moves blood around your body. It includes your heart, blood vessels, and blood.
heart An organ in your circulatory system that pumps the blood in your body. It is made up of four chambers that work as two pumps
ventricle The two chambers of your heart (one on the left and one on the right) where blood leaves the heart.
veins: The tubes (blood vessels) that carry blood back to your heart from your body. Most carry blood with lower levels of oxygen and higher levels of carbon dioxide.
valves muscular flaps inside blood vessels that keep blood moving in one direction
Created by: user-1601853
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