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Cellular Biology Wk1

Cellular Biology

QuestionAnswer
Common features shared by all cells maintain homeostasis, transmit genetic information, complexity, organization, adaptation, growth, development, death, interactiosn, and energy acquisition
Vertical gene transfer (of genome) sends information from parent to child and zygote to multicellular
Horizontal gene transfer sharing of genetic material between individuals of the same generation
Sexual reproductions incorporates both horizontal and vertical gene transfer
Transcription makes a copy of specific DNA sequence information in the form of RNA
Reverse transcription makes a copy of specific RNA sequence information in the form of DNA
Translation makes a copy of specific RNA sequence informtion in the form of a protein
True or False: Living things are auto-catalytic systems True
What has cell walls plant and fungus cells
Euchromatin loosely packed and active DNA
Heterochromatin tightly packed inactive DNA
Nuclear envelope A double membrane that regulates nuclear entry/exit
True or False: Mitochandria has a single membrane False, mitochandria is a double membrane
located between the mitochandria membrane intermembrane space
the innermost space of a mitochandria matrix
circular chromosomes is a prokaryotic trait also found in mitochandria
Sign that mitochandria used to be independent living circular genome
Organelle of photosynthesis Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts structures Outer membrane, inner membrane, stroma, thylakoids
capture light energy to fix carbon into sugars photooigments
True or False: Chloroplasts have their own circular genome True
Golgi is a stack of flattened vesicles
Golgi delivers to plasma membrane and lysosomes
The endoplasmic reticulum is a collection of membrane-bound synthetic spaces
What are produced in the ER? Membrane-bound, vesicle-contained, and secreted proteins and lipids
Endocytosis is the import of extracellular materials
Endocytosis mechanisms clathrin-dependent, pinocytosis, phagocytosis, transporter-mediated
Exocytosis is export of cellular materials
Exocytosis relies a lot on Golgi apparatus
Cytosol is a crowded compartment surrounding organelles
Cytoskeleton supports cell shape and regulates internal sorting
Cytoskeleton 3 elements microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments
Microfilaments Composed of actin proteins
Microtubules Composed of tubulin proteins
Intermediate Filaments Diverse proteins (e.g. keratins & vimentins)
Asgard is an archaea super-phylum with the greatest amount of measured genetic similarity to eukaryotes.
Have the greatest size diversity Eukaryotic genomes are large & protozoa
Created by: eyenga
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