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Water Quality
Spring 23
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acidic | Having a pH less than 7 |
| Algae | photosynthetic organisms, can be single or multicellular |
| Algal bloom | An explosion of growth in a population of algae; step in eutrophication |
| Anoxic | An environment without oxygen |
| Basic or alkaline | Having a pH greater than 7 |
| Biodiversity | The number of different species in an area; GOOD water has a HIGH variety and number of species |
| Bioindicators | Organisms that are used to show the health of an ecosystem. |
| Brackish water | A mixture of salt and fresh water near estuaries |
| Carbon dioxide | GOOD water has LOW levels; too much and animals will suffocate |
| Chemical indicator | Chemicals that are used to assess the health of a water system. You cannot see them just by looking! |
| Clean Water Act 1972 | Made it unlawful to discharge point-source pollution into navigable waters without a permit |
| Dissolved Oxygen (DO) | Amount of oxygen dissolved in water |
| Estuary | A habitat in which the freshwater of a river meets the salt water of the ocean. |
| Eutrophication | An excess of nitrates and phosphates get into a body of water - causes rapid algae growth - leads to excessive decay using up all the DO - Can lead to dead zones |
| Hard water | Water that contains high amounts of dissolved minerals (calcium & magnesium) |
| Hypoxic | Describes water that is low in oxygen |
| Impermeable Surface | Pavement or buildings that do not allow water to pass through easily |
| Infiltration | The movement of water into the soil or ground surface |
| Macroinvertebrates | Organisms that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye and lack a backbone - Used as bioindicators |
| Microorganism/Microbes | a biological indicator that surveys the microscopic "critters" in the water. |
| Neutral | Having a pH of exactly 7 |
| Nitrate | a chemical compound containing nitrogen used in fertilizers, found in surface runoff |
| Nonpoint Source Pollution | Pollution that cannot be traced to a single source (atmospheric deposition, agricultural/industrial/residential runoff); Causes 96% of pollution |
| Permeable surface | A surface that allows water to pass through it |
| pH | a measure of how acidic or basic a substance is. The scale runs from 0-14 |
| Phosphate | a chemical compound containing phosphorus often used in fertilizers, detergents |
| Physical indicator | Used to determine the health of a water system; you can see some of them, but you need to measure others |
| Point Source Pollution | Pollution that comes from a specific identifiable location (drain pipes, ditches, sewer lines) |
| Pollutant | Any substance or energy, (heat, sound, light) that can cause harm to the environment and the organisms in it |
| Potable | Water that is considered safe to drink |
| Runoff | Water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground, runs into bodies of water |
| Salinity | Total amount of all salts dissolved in water |
| Secchi disk | Instrument used to measure turbidity |
| Sediments | Rock fragments and soil |
| Stewardship | the responsible planning & management of resources on Earth (water, air, land, and organisms that live on it) |
| Suspended sediment | Very small particles that remain distributed throughout the water column; increases turbidity |
| Thermal Pollution | A rise in the temperature of water caused by the release of heated industrial wastewater into bodies of water |
| Turbidity | A measure of how cloudy the water is because of suspended particles |
| Water Pollution | Any chemical, biological, or physical change to water quality that has a harmful effect on living organisms or makes water unsuitable for desired uses. |
| Water quality | biological, chemical, and physical condition of a water body, a measure of the water body's ability to support beneficial life |
| Watershed | All the area of land that drains into one main body of water |
Created by:
jhandy8
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