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Organic Chemistry
Biology 101
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Organic Chemistry | In the past, this branch of chemistry focused on studying molecules that were found in things that were alive or had once been alive. Now it focuses on any molecule containing carbon |
| Electron | A subatomic particle that has a negative charge and very little mass |
| Proton | A positively charged subatomic particle |
| Triglycerides | A lipid that contains a glycerol and three fatty acids: saturated and unsaturated fats |
| Monosaccharide | Refers to sugars that exist as single units |
| Enzymes | Important kind of protein that is responsible for facilitating chemical reactions in our bodies |
| Lipids | Biological molecules that are not water soluble and come in two categories, glycerol and steroids. Steroids can carry chemical messages |
| Unsatured Solution | Refers to any solution that can hold more of a particular solute |
| Electron Shell | Refers to the area that surrounds the nucleus of an atom, electrons are generally located there |
| Valence Electrons | Electrons that are in the outermost shell of the atom, they directly interact with different atoms |
| Protein | Biological molecule formed from amino acids. Use peptide bonds to stay together |
| Supersaturated Solution | A solution that holds more solute than should be held by a saturated solution |
| Starch | A carbohydrate in the form of complex sugars that can be disgested and provides significant amount of energy |
| Trisaccharide | Large sugar that contians three smaller monosaccharides |
| Atomic Numer | A numer determined by the amount of protons contained within the nucleus of an atom |
| Hypotonic Solution | Solutions of this sort contain concentrations of a solute that are lower than the concentrations found in other solutions |
| Neuron | Subatomic particles that have a neutral charge and are found in an atom's atomic nucleus |
| Cellulose | A dietary fiber and is the structural material we find within plants; can't digest |
| Hypertonic Solution | A solution that is defined against another solution. Has a higher concentration of a specific solution than another solution |
| Osmosis | A process that involves the movement of solvent molecules. takes place across the semi-permeable membrane of a cell |
| Heterotroph | Organisms that must eat other organisms in order to gain sustenance |
| Innermost Electron Shell of an Atom | Level of the electron shell that contains the electrons closest to the nucleus |
| Electron Cloud | Electrons exist in this area inside of an atom |
| Saturated Solution | Occurs when a solvent can no longer dissolve any more of the solute |
| Polymers | Long chains of molecules that contain smaller units call monomers. Can be made of the same or different types |
| Atoms | basic unit of matter that makes up everything around us |
| Chemical bond | Type of bond that occurs between at least two atoms that are oppositely charged |
Created by:
haleyh06
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