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Unit 8
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | Deals with relationship of organisms |
| Stimulus | External or internal signal that causes an organism's response |
| Signalling behavior | Communication to change behavior Visual, audible, tactile, electrical, and chemical |
| Natural Selection | Favors survival skills |
| Aposematism | Used by animals to discourage predation |
| Cooperative behavior | Tends to increase fitness of individual(survival) |
| Endotherms | Use thermal energy from metabolism for homeostasis |
| Ectotherms | Rely on behaviors such as environment to regulate temperature |
| Metabolic rate | Amount of energy expended over time(smaller the organism, higher metabolism) |
| Energy gain | Leads to growth |
| Energy loss | Leads to death |
| Energy availability | Changes will result in population and ecosystem changes |
| Autotrophs | Captures energy from environment |
| Heterotrophs | Captures energy through consumption of other organism |
| Populations | Same species in a particular area |
| Population size | Depends on availability of resources |
| Population growth | Depends on reproductive age & frequency, # of offspring, and survival |
| Abiotic | Non-living thing that will shape the ecosystem |
| Biotic | Living thing that will shape the ecosystem |
| Density-dependent factors | Includes disease, competition, and predation |
| Density-independent factors | Includes natural disasters and pollution |
| Logistic-growth model(S-curve) | Represents population growth as slow to exponential to stable |
| Carrying capacity | Maximum sustainable population size(will fluctuate) |
| Simpson's Diversity Index | Will measure species diversity |
| Interspecific interactions | Interactions between different species |
| Intraspecific interactions | Interactions within the same species |
| Parasitism | (+/-) |
| Mutualism | (+/+) |
| Commensalism | (+/0) |
| Amensalism | (-/0) |
| Predator-prey relationship | Increase in predation occurs slightly after prey increases |
| Trophic cascade | Negative effect from removing a key species(collapse of ecosystem) |
| Key species | An organism that holds the ecosystem together |
| Niche partitioning | Process that drives competing species to different patterns(eating food, resource use) |
| Invasive species | Have no natural enemies so can out-compete current populations |
| Human activity | Impacts ecosystem through various means |
| Geological activities | Impacts habitat and ecosystem in various ways |
| Adaptation | Genetic variation that is favored by selection |
| Mutation | Random and not under specific environmental factors |
| Food web | All food chains in an ecosystem Arrows follow the direction of energy Trophic levels of animals Only 10% of energy is transferred |
Created by:
whnd
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