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GWflow & Darcy's Law

rate of fluid flow proportional to rate change in hydraulic head

QuestionAnswer
Darcy's Law The rate of fluid flow is proportional to the rate of change in hydraulic head
what are the 2 key components to Darcy's Law? hydraulic gradient hydraulic conductivity
what is hydraulic gradient? • represents the driving force behind flow • the rate of change in hydraulic head with distance in the direction of flow • unitless
what is hydraulic conductivity? •proportionality constant related to the properties of the fluid and the porous medium • represents ease with which water will pass through a particular porous medium • K is large for coarse-grained and small for fine-grained • units of L/T
what is 'k' (intrinsic permeability) highly dependent on? particle size
grain size vs pore size uniform grain size poorly sorted sediment = least amount porosity
Hazen formula relations b/w 'k' and particle size grain size distribution
what are the methods for measuring K? 1. visual correlation 2. grain size methods 3. permeameter tests 4. single-well tests 5. pumping tests
what are the types of permeameter? constant head falling head
constant head • a constant head is maintained on both ends of a sample • calculate K directly from Darcy’s equation
falling head • a sample is connected to a vertical tube in which the water level is allowed to fall with time • thus, the head difference and discharge through the sample vary with time • K is calculated from the rate of decline in the water level in the tube
what are the limitations of Darcy's Law? fails when kinetic energy becomes siginifcant in comparison to frictional heat loss reynolds number is critertion for judging applicability of D's Law fails when Re approaches 10
Created by: 700827381589447
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