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H2O&Hydrologic Cycle
introduction to hydrogeology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| water | |
| hydrologic cycle | basic framework for understanding fw resources & their response to climate change and human activities |
| gw as a resource | largest source of available fresh water on the planet |
| precipitation | warm, moist air rises and cools |
| evaporation controls | energy source transport mechanism |
| potential evaporation | under unlimited supply of water |
| actual evaporation | from soil surface, limited by availability of water |
| transpiration | evaporation of water from plants water when they open stomata to take CO2 for photosynthesis. Water flows from roots to leaves (PE) |
| evapotranspiration | evaporation + transpiration (ET) |
| streamflow | baseflow • steady input of groundwater that sustains streamflow over long time periods stormflow • runoff of rainfall and snow melt that causes high discharge, lasting days to weeks |
| discharge(Q) | volume of water that flows past a gauging station in an unit time interval (m3/s) |
| watersheds | an area over which water falling on the surface will drain into a river or lake surface water only |
| what does water balance rely on? | principle of mass conservation |