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IOAN
muscles of the Cervical spine
| Muscles | Origin | Insertion | Action | Innervation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sternocleinoidmastoid | sternum and clavical | mastoid process | bilateral: flexes neck and hyperextends head. unilaterally: laterally bends the head to the opposite side | spinal accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI) second and third cervical nerves |
| scalene | Transverse Processes of cervical vertebrae | First and second Rib | Bilateral: assists in neck flexion Unilateral: Neck Lateral bending | lower cervical nerves (C3-C8) |
| splenius capitis | lower half of nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7 through T# | lateral occipital bone and mastoid process | bilateral: extends head and neck. Unilateral: laterally bends neck and rotates face to same side. | Middle and lower cervical nerves. |
| splenius cervicis | spinous process of T3-T6 | transverse process of C1-C3 | bilateral: extends neck Unilateral: bends neck and rotates the face to the sam eside. | middle and lower cervical nerves |
| upper trapezius | occipital bone and nuchal ligament on upper cervical cervical spinous process. | outer third of clavicle and acromion process | scapular elevation and upward rotation | spinal accessory (cranial nerve XI) |
| levator scapula | Transverse Processes of first four cervical vertebrae | vertebral border of scapula between the superior and spine | scapular elevation and downward rotation | Third and Fourth cervical nerves and dorsal scapular nerve. |