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Flow Nets
describing different groundwater flow systems
Question | Answer |
---|---|
flowlines | indicate the path a water particle will follow as it moves |
equipotential lines | contour lines of equal hydraulic head in the subsurface; they intersect streamlines; h is constant along the lines |
what are the boundary condidtions of flow nets in homogeneous, isotropic systems? | impermeable, constant head, water table |
Impermeable Boundaries | equipotential lines are perpendicular and flow lines are parallel to impermeable boundaries |
Constant Head Boundaries | equipotential lines are parallel and flow lines are perpendicular to constant head boundaries |
Water Table Boundaries | h = z since pressure head, ψ = 0 If there is recharge or discharge, the water table is neither a flow line nor an equipotential line. If no recharge, then water table is a flow line. |
what happens to the flow net in heterogeneous systems? | flowlines & equipotentials will refract when they cross permeability boundaries GW takes path of least resistance by travelling a shorter path through the low-K material |
What is the rule of thumb for GW flow? | Groundwater flow is horizontal in higher K layers and vertical in lower K layers |
Effects of anisotropy on flow nets | Flow lines & equipoentials will not be orthogonal |