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brucella spp
Stack #37247
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| why is brucella a target for eradication | zoonosis and high economic loss |
| definition of brucella | small gram neg rods/coccobacilli; modified acid fast, dz of reproduction |
| what is brucella a dz of | reproduction |
| what is the staining affinity for brucella | modified acid fast |
| what other bacteria stains similar to brucella | mycobacterium |
| how many hosts does brucella have | primary and secondary hosts |
| habitat of brucella | obligate parasites of genitalia, RES, udder |
| type of parasite brucella is | obligate parasite |
| in which habitat of brucella is it consider a strong zoonotic potential | udder |
| what is the morphology of brucella | small gram neg coccobacilli |
| where else can brucella survive besides genitalia, RES, and udder | intracellular |
| describe modified zhiel neelson stain | detects mod acid fast bact, dilute NZ with no heat and flush half strength |
| what color do modified acid fast bact stain | bright pink |
| describe the survival strength of brucella | fairly robust, may last for years in cold |
| atmospheric characteristics of brucella | Capnophilic (10% CO2) |
| describe the media of brucella | fastidious, likes enriched media with erythritol |
| what is a primary additive to media which enhances growth | erythritol |
| describe the colonial morphology of brucella | S-R variation |
| describe the S colony variation of brucella | increased virulence, increased host range (everything but ovis and canis) |
| describe the R colonial variation of brucella | less virulent and infects ovis and canis only |
| what makes a S (smooth) colony smooth and mucoid looking | repeating subunit in outer membrane absorb H2O |
| why are biochemical reactions of brucella suggested to be done in a reference lab | very low infectious dose |
| what are the antigens of S variation brucella | A and M |
| what is the antigen of R variation brucella | rough antigen |
| what protein antigen is associated with brucella and what immune effect does it have | "brucellin", renders a CMI response therefore delayed hypersensitivity |
| what kinds of animals become infected with brucella | sexually mature animals, female>male |
| are primary or secondary hosts of brucella known as the dead end host | secondary |
| how is brucella invasive to the body's immune system | intracellular organism therefore resists phagocytosis |
| are males or females affected more with Brucella abortus | female>male |
| what causes contagious abortion | Brucella abortus |
| what causes bangs dz in cattle | Brucella abortus |
| what are the 3 important factors of Brucella abortus in terms of eradication | worldwide, economical importance, zoonosis |
| how is brucella abortus primarily contracted | Oral |
| what is the least common route for acquiring brucella abortus | vaginal root |
| where does the RES carry brucella abortus | placenta, udder, testes, and seminal vesicles |
| when does abortion occur due to brucella abortis | at 6-9 months |
| what is an uncommon characteristic about abortion due to brucella abortus | abortion occurs but placenta is retained |
| how many times does a cow normally abort due to brucella abortis | once...rarely twice |
| is it possible for a cow to excrete brucella abortus after a normal calving | yes |
| where in a cow does infection of brucella abortus localize | udder and lymph nodes |
| what does infection in udder by brucella abortus cause | mild mastitis |
| in what bodily fluid is brucella abortus found in the bull and is there an effect to the cow | in semen but little effect on semen quality and rarely infects cow |
| what species of brucella infects goats and sheep | Brucella melitensis |
| what is the most serious brucella species to infect man | brucella melitensis |
| does brucella melitensis affect goats or sheep more | goats>sheep |
| what does brucella melitensis cause in sheep and goats | venereal inf, mastitis |
| where in the world is brucella meltensis | mediterranean, asia, africa, latin america, southern texas |
| what species does brucella ovis infect | sheep only |
| describe the colonial variation of brucella ovis and the pathogenic potential | always rough therefore less pathogenic |
| is brucella ovis more common in males or females | mainly males rare in females |
| what does brucella ovis cause in male sheep | epididymitis, orchitis, infertility |
| how is brucella ovis primarily spread | ram to ram |
| what methods other than ram to ram may brucella ovis be spread | shearing via preputial contaminant or ram to ewe to ram |
| how do ewes become infected with brucella ovis and what does it cause | spread to ewes at mating but remains dormant |
| how do pigs become infected with brucella suis | ingestion or venereal |
| what system does brucella suis affect in the male and female | genital |
| what 3 parts of the pig does brucella suis affect | genialia, mammary gland, bones and jointd |
| how is brucella canis infective | ingestion, venereal, congenital |
| what mode of transmission is special to brucella canis | congenital |
| what does brucella canis do to the bitch | abortion, stillbirth, and infertility |
| in what trimester does abortion take place in the bitch due to brucella canis and are there repeated abortions | late pregnancy and possible for repeat abortions |
| when is there copious shedding of brucella canis from the bitch | following parturition and abortion |
| what is the pathogenesis of brucella canis in the male (4 things) | epididymitis, orchitis, prostatitis, infertility |
| where does brucella canis predominatly manifest in males | all accessory sex glands and sex glands |
| what is common to both sexes when infected with brucella canis | persistent bacteremia and involvement of other organs |
| is brucella canis in dogs considered a zoonosis | yes |
| what kind of host is a horse considered to be to brucella | not primary |
| what dz can brucella bovis cause in conjunction with actinomyces bovis in the horse | fistulous withers or poll evil |
| what are the names of the 2 conditions in man infected with brucella | malta fever and undulant fever |
| which brucella species causes malta fever in man | B malitensis |
| which species of brucella causes undulant fever in man | B suis, B abortus, and possibly B canis |
| how does man become infected with brucella | ingestion, inhalation, skin |
| describe the acute and chronic phases of brucellosis in man | acute= fever, sweats, jt pain chronic= osteomyelitis (primary) and neurosis |
| what is the reservior and source of brucella abortus | reservior is animal of the same species and primarily infects wild ruminants |
| when is the most likely time of spread of brucella abortus | at abortion or calving |
| what is the likelihood of abortion once cow is infected with brucella abortus | 50% |
| what is the MAIN difference between brucella abortus and all other brucella spp | in brucella abortus, the male plays an insignificant role whereas in all other brucella spp, the male is the one predominantly affected |
| what is brucella diagnosed | demonstrate the organism or specific immune responses |
| where may samples be obtained from in animals infected with brucella | fetus, fetal stomach contents, uterus, milk, semen, LN |
| how would you culture brucella | in 10% CO2 |
| what is the animal of choice for inoculation of brucella | guinea pig |
| what samples are the standards for detection of specific immune response to brucella | serum and milk |
| what does SAT stand for | serum agglutination test |
| what other special tests can be used to diagnose brucella via antibody detection | SAT, RBPT/card test, CFT, ELISA, Coombs |
| what is the standard test to monitor dairy herds for brucella | milk ring test |
| tx for brucella | difficult and impossible if chronic therefore infected are normally slaughtered |
| what is the primaryy method for control and prevention of brucella | test and slaughter |
| describe the strain 19 (S19) vaccine for brucella (live/dead, smooth/rough, animal, age, side effects) | live, smooth, given to heifers at 3-6 mo of age, may cause abortion |
| describe the RB51 vaccine for brucella (live/dead, smooth/rough, immune response, animal, age, side effects) | live, rough, cows 3-12 mo age, targets CMI, doesnt increase seroimmune response |
| describe the strain 45/20 vaccine for brucella (live/killed, smooth/rough) | killed, rough, rarely used |
| describe the Rev 1 vaccine for brucella (brucella spp targeted, host, live/dead, rough/smooth) | live smooth, targets B melitensis for goats and B ovis for sheep |
Created by:
pferdyvet
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