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Science
Inside Earth Chapter 4/5 Sections 1/2/3/5/6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mineral | A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. |
| Moh’s Hardness Scale | A scale ranking ten minerals from softest to hardest; used in testing the hardness of minerals. |
| Streak | The color of a mineral’s powder. |
| Luster | The way a mineral reflects light from its surface. |
| Cleavage | A mineral’s ability to split easily along flat surfaces. |
| Fracture | The way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way. |
| Fluorescence | The property of a mineral in which the mineral glows under ultraviolet light. |
| Texture | The look and feel of a rock’s surface, determined by the size, shape, and pattern of a rock’s grains. |
| Grain | A particle of mineral or other rock that gives a rock its texture. |
| Igneous Rock | A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface. |
| Metamorphic Rock | A type of rock that forms from existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions. |
| Sedimentary Rock | A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together. |
| Extrusive Rock | Igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth’s surface. |
| Intrusive Rock | Igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface. |
| Sediment | Small, solid pieces of material that comes from rocks or organisms. |
| Erosion | The destructive process in which water or wind loosen and carry away fragments of rock. |
| Foliated | Term used to describe metamorphic rocks whose grains are arranged in parallel layers or bands. |
| Rock Cycle | A series of processes on the surface & inside Earth that slowly change rocks from one kind to another. |