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Chapter 4:1 & 5
Question | Answer |
---|---|
mineral | A naturally occurring inorganic that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. |
Moh’s hardness scale | Rates the hardness of minerals on a shale from one to ten. |
streak | The color of its powder. |
luster | Is the term used to describe how a mineral reflects light on its surface. |
cleavage | A mineral that splits easily on a flat surface. |
fracture | Describe how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way. |
fluorescence | Minerals that grow under ultraviolet light. |
texture | The look and feel of a rock's surface. |
grain | Particles or minerals |
igneous rock | a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface |
metamorphic rock | a type of rock that forms from existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions |
sedimentary rock | a type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together |
extrusive rock | igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth’s surface |
intrusive rock | igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface |
sediment | small, solid pieces of material that comes from rocks or organisms |
erosion | the destructive process in which water or wind loosen and carry away fragments of rock |
foliated | term used to describe metamorphic rocks whose grains are arranged in parallel layers or bands |
rock cycle | a series of processes on the surface & inside Earth that slowly change rocks from one kind to another |