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Science Unit Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Connective (Bone) Tissue | cells that work together to bind the organs of the body, eg. ligaments and tendons |
| Epitherial (Skin) Tissue | sheet of cells that cover the outer surface of the body, they also line the interior cavities and passageway to form certain glands |
| Nervous (Brain) Tissue | the cells allow electrochemical signals to communicate with different regions of the body, eg. the brain, spinal chord, and nerves |
| Muscle Tissue | cells that respond to simulation and contract to provide movement |
| How do cancer cells affect the body? | sometimes, the body creates a mutated cell, which doesn't have proper instruction, especially for multiplying, with so many cells following false instructions, they can impair organ functions, leading to death |
| Solution | a mixture of a solute (sugar) and a solvent (water), that looks like one individual substance |
| Solvent | a solvent is what the solute diffuses into, eg. the water in gatorade is the solvent |
| Solute | a solute is what dissolves into the solvent, eg. the sugar in gatorade is the solute |
| Heterogenous (mixture) | you can see the individual types of particles in the mixture |
| Homogenous (solution) | the particles are mixed together so that it looks like one, single substance |
| Isotonic Solution | the amount of solute inside the cell, is equal to the amount of solute outside the cell, therefore water mostly stays still |
| Hypotonic Solution | the amount of solute inside the cell is equal to the amount of solute outside the cell, therefore water moves into the cell |
| Hypertonic Solution | the amount of solute outside the cell, is more than the amount of solute inside the cell, therefore, water moves out the cell |
| Do animal or plant cells benefit from isotonic solutions? | animal cells have enough water in the cell in an isotonic solution, any more water entering the cell would cause the membrane to burst |
| Do animal or plant cells benefit from hypotonic solutions | cells need more water to feed themselves via photosynthesis, and they have strong cell walls that will not burst |
| Do animal or plant cells benefit from hypertonic solutions? | both types of cells require water to function, with water drawing out of the cell, it will dry up and die |
| How is diffusion used in the lungs? | Oxygen travels through the lungs (a high concentration) and move through tiny air tubes into the deoxygenated blood (lower concentration) |
| How is diffusion used in the kidney? | While filtering waste products through nephrons, some excess sugar can be found in this waste, they are diffused through capilaries and back into the blood stream |
| How is diffusion used in the liver? | While breaking down excess amino acids, urea which is a toxic substance is created. The urea diffuses from a high concentration in liver cells to a lower concentration in the blood stream |