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bio final
for bio test.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does 1:2:1 mean? | glucose |
| Define dehydration synthesis? | Monomers are being joined together to make a bond along with a molecule of water |
| 3.How many nucleic acids are there? | 2 (DNA and RNA) |
| Which type of cells can form multicellular organisms? | Eukaryotic |
| How do peptide bonds form? | From amino acids gathering together |
| List 6 elements found in all macromolecules | Nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, sulfur |
| How many bonds can carbon form? | 4 carbon bonds |
| Give 3 uses for lipids | Store energy, form membranes, form waterproof coverings |
| Define tissue | A group of cells that all perform the same function |
| Saturated or Unsaturated, which is liquid at room temp? | Unsaturated |
| 2 organs in the nervous system | Brain, spinal cord (all thats in nervous system) |
| name the monomers in polysaccharides, nucleic acid, and proteins | Glucose, fructose, galactose(polysaccharides), nucleotides(nucleic acid), and amino acids(proteins) |
| What are prokaryotic cells? | Cells that do not have a nucleus |
| State the octet rule | There needs to be 8 electrons in the valence shell for an element to be stable/non-reactive |
| What are the two parts of an atom and their charges? | Electron cloud(-) and nucleus(+) |
| List 3 types of lipids | Oils, fats, and waxes |
| Name 3 nucleotide users | Nucleotides are only in DNA and RNA and ATP |
| CHO- Name the macromolecules formed from these | Carbohydrates and lipids |
| Define catalyst | A substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction by lowering the activation energy without being consumed by the reaction |
| What does it mean to be a polar molecule | To have opposite charges |
| What elements make up a carbohydrate? | CHO |
| Give 3 functions of proteins | Control rate of reactions, regulate cell function, fight disease |
| How many amino acids are there? | 20 |
| Define homeostasis | The process of the body keeping relatively constant internal conditions despite changes in internal and external environment |
| What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds? | Covalent bonds share electrons to fit octet rule, ionic is when the positive and negative charges cancel each other out |
| Name 3 thing polarity does for water | Moderate temp, expand, and dissolve other substances |
| What does it mean to be an acid? Base? | Have more hydrogen ions than hydroxide(acid), have more hydroxide ions than hydrogen(base) |
| Which polysaccharide is found in humans/animals? | Glycogen |
| .Name 4 macromolecules | Protein, carbs, lipids, nucleic acids |
| CHON- name the macro | Proteins |
| Hydrolysis is used for what function? | If polymers are being broken apart and water is added(opposite of dehydration synthesis) |
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