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Chapter 14
Campbells Biology Chapter 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Macroevolution | Macroevolution encompasses dramatic biological changes, which begin with the beggining of a new species. |
| Taxonomy | Taxonomy is the branch of biology that is concerned with naming and classifying the diverse forms of life. |
| Biological Species Concept | Defines a species as a population or group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. |
| Morphological Species concept | The morphological species concept is how scientists have identified most of the 1.8 million species; it is based on visible traits. |
| Ecological Species Concept | Is used to identify species based on the ecological niches that they fill in the environment, even if they look different. |
| Phylogenetic species concept | Is used to define animals into species based on their genetic history. |
| Reproductive barrier | A barrier which prevents certain animals from breeding. |
| Temporal isolation | Temporal isolation is a form of a reproductive barrier which takes the form of the animals breeding at different times of the year. |
| Habitat isolation | Habitat isolation matters when the animals live in different habitats. |
| Behavioral Isolation | Is a barrier when the animals have specific rituals that must be followed before they can mate. |
| Mechanical isolation | Is when the male and female sex organs do not fit. |
| Gametic isolation | Is when the male and female mate but the female is not fertilized. |
| Hybrid inviability | Is when the hybrid of the two different species that mate would not survive. |
| Hybrid Sterility | Is when the hybrid survives but is sterile. |
| Hybrid breakdown | Is when the first generation of hybrids is fertile, but after they reproduce then the second generation is sterile. |
| Allopatric Speciation | Populations separated by a geographical barrier are known as allopatric. |
| Polyploid | Being polyploid means that its cells have more than two complete sets of chromosomes. |
| Sympatric Speciation | Is when reproductive isolation evolves and new species arive without geographic isolation. |
| Adaptive radiation | When one species spreads from its original niche to fill others that are open. |
| Gradualism model | Is a model were the arise of new species slowly. |
| Punctuated equilibrium | Is when there is a jump in the number of species arising, and then there is a long time where no more arise. |
| Exaptation | Refers to a structure that evolved in one context and was later adapted for another function. |
Created by:
Kiernan
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