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Chapter 22
Healthy Eating And Nutrition
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nutrition | Ingestion of foods that maintain the body's health |
| Eating Patterns | How often and fast a person can eat, affected by experience. |
| Metabolism | Nutrients that are converted into energy in a chemical process |
| Sedentary | An activity level that's inactive |
| Triglycerides | Consumed calories that are stored in a person's fat cells |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | High levels of triglycerides |
| Malabsorption | When the intestine fails to take in nutrients and fluids to transfer into the bloodstream |
| Carbohydrates | Body's main source of energy that contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| Dietary Fats | Macronutrients that provide energy for the body (composed of hydrogen and oxygen) |
| Saturated Fats | Packed with hydrogen molecules, considered as "solid" fats. Can be found in animal and dairy products. Raises total blood cholesterol levels. High cholesterol levels increases the risk of cardiovascular diesease. |
| Trans Fats | AKA trans-fatty acid. Found in chemically processed foods with partially hydrogenated vegetable oil. Can also be found in cakes/cookies with shortening. Increases risk of cardiovascular disease. |
| Unsaturated Fats | Includes monounsaturated fats (omega-9 fatty acids) and polyunsaturated fats (omega-3 and -6 fatty acids). Found in olive, canola, safflower, peanut, and corn oils. |
| Proteins | Third macro nutrient. Contributes to energy production and found in every cell of the body. Main builders of body tissue, promotes growth and repair. |
| Electrolytes | Substances that carry electrical charges when dissolved in water. |
| Vitamins | Organic compounds that are important for developing and growing cells and required for the body's functionality. Can be ingested from foods in a person's diet or vitamin supplements. |
| Anorexia Nervosa | Intense fear of gaining weight. Not the same as being underweight or maintaining normal weight. |
| Bulimia Nervosa | Condition of episodes with binge eating and purging. |
| Renal Diet | An ordered diet for patients with kidney damage or disease. |
| High-fiber Diet | An ordered diet for patients with chronic constipation, irritable bowel syndrome. or an elevated risk for colon cancer. |
| Low-fiber Diet | An ordered diet for patients that are experiencing GI problems like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and diverticulitis. |
| Parenteral | By the way of the veins |
| Enteral | By the way of the gastrointestinal system |
| Nasogastric (NG) Tubes | Tube that is inserted through the nose and runs down the esophagus into the stomach |
| Nasoduodenal (ND) Tubes | Tube that is inserted through the nose and end in the first portion of the small intestine (duodenum) |
| Nasojejunal (NJ) Tubes | Tube that is inserted through the nose and end in the second portion of the small intestine (jejunum) |
| Gastrostomy (G) Tubes | Tube that is surgically inserted through the abdominal wall into the stomach. |
| Jejunostomy (J) Tubes | Tube that is surgically placed directly into the intestine |
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