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Unit 4 Plants
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| xylem | vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant |
| phloem | Living vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic substances throughout a plant |
| stoma/stomata | A microscopic pore surrounded by guard cells in the epidermis of leaves and stems that allows gas exchange between the environment and the interior of the plant. |
| guard cell | control the opening and closing of stomata |
| transpiration | the emission of water vapor from the leaves of plants |
| flower petals | modified leaves which are usually bright in color to attract pollinators. |
| sepal | A leaf like structure that encloses the bud of a flower of an angiosperm. |
| filament | Supports the anther |
| anther | In an angiosperm, the terminal pollen sac of a stamen, where pollen grains containing sperm-producing male gametophytes form. |
| pistil/carpel | Female part of the flower. Consists of a stigma, style, and ovary |
| style | The stalk of a flower's carpel, with the ovary at the base and the stigma at the top. |
| stamen | Male reproductive organ of a plant that produces distinctive spores by meiosis |
| stigma | extension of the female gametophyte, when the stigma is mature it produces a sticky substance which allows a good environment for pollen grains to adhere and interact |
| seed | plant embryo and a food supply encased in a protective covering |
| pollination | transfer of pollen from anther to stigma |
| angiosperm | A flowering plant which forms seeds inside a protective chamber called an ovary. |
| spore | single-celled reproductive bodies highly resistant to cold and heat damage; capable of new organisms |
| gymnosperm | a woody, vascular seed plant whose seeds are not enclosed by an ovary or fruit |
| taproot | A main vertical root that develops from an embryonic root and gives rise to lateral (branch) roots. |
| fruit | The ripened ovary and other structures of an angiosperm that enclose one or more seeds. |
| meristematic tissue | plant tissue found only in the tips of shoots and roots; responsible for plant growth |
| ground tissue | tissue between the dermal tissue and vascular tissue of a non-woody plant that functions in photosynthesis, storage, and support |
| vascular tissue | Plant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body. |
| dermal tissue | The protective covering of plants; generally a single layer of tightly packed epidermal cells covering young plant organs formed by primary growth. |
| cambium | vascular tissue that produces xylem and phloem cells as a plant grows |