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Chapter 12
Skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Functions of skeletal system; | support, movement, protection, storage of minerals and fat |
| Fat; | yellow bone marrow |
| Blood cell production; | red bone marrow |
| Compact bones; | dense; shafts of long bones |
| Spongy bone; | has cavities like a spongy |
| Red bone marrow; | found in spongy bone |
| Yellow marrow; | found inside shafts of long bones |
| Osteon; | structural unit of compact bone |
| Osteocyte; | bone cell |
| Osteoblasts; | cells that build bone |
| Osteoclast; | cells that dissolve bone |
| Epiphyseal plate; | growth plate - allows lengthening of the long bones; only found in children |
| Axial skeleton; | head/neck/trunk |
| Appendicular skeleton; | Appendages/limbs - arms/legs |
| Cranium; | part of the skull that contains the brain |
| Occipital; | foramen magnum |
| Vertebrae; | cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx |
| Fontanel; | soft spots/membranes at birth that allow the head to compress during childbirth; allow for brain growth |
| Pectoral girdle; | attaches arms to trunk - scapula, clavicle |
| Pelvic girdle; | attaches legs to trunk - pelvic/coxal bones |
| Suture; | non-movable joint between cranial bones |
| Synovial joint; | freely movable - wrists, knees |
| Arthritis; | osteoarthritis - cartilage breaks down from wear and tear - aging, obesity & rheumatoid - autoimmune disease - immune system attacks synovial joints |
| Osteoporosis; | osteoclasts more active than blasts - bone becomes weak: risk factors are age, genetics, females, low calcium/vitamin D |
Created by:
castigisselle
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