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Bacteria and Viruses

quiz 2

TermDefinition
tobacco leaf experiment led to discovery of viruses
what is virus latin for poison
virulent enters lytic cycle, becomes active, causes sickness right away
temperate lies dormant (months, years, even decades)
animal cells easy to infect because they have thin cell membranes
plant cells more difficult to enter because they have thicker cell walls
bacteria cells good hosts because they reproduce rapidly
capsid protein coat that makes up 95% of the virus (host specific)
core strand of DNA or RNA (makes up the other 5% of the virus)
lytic cycle process a virus uses to reproduce itself
attachment virus locks onto host cell membrane
entry virus dissolves a hole in the host cell wall and injects DNA
synthesis cell DNA makes virus parts (capsid and core)
assembly (formation) host cell puts virus parts together (capsid and core)
lysis and release host cell wall breaks and viruses attack other cells
lysogenic cycle process of virus DNA becoming part of the host cells gene code
insertion virus DNA inserts itself into the cells DNA
replication cell DNA (with the virus gene) duplicates as it divides
incubation virus DNA can lie dormant for many years before entering the lytic cycle
retrovirus virus that contains RNA instead of DNA
viroid virus with no capsid (just a bare strand of RNA)
prion stands for protein infection : a clump of protein that causes disease (not a nucleic acid like DNA or RNA)
antigen any particle that is foreign to a body
pathogen antigens that causes sickness
antibody a protein made by WBC’s to fight a specific antigen
immunization injecting a vaccine into a body to begin the production of antibodies
vaccine a dead/weakened virus used to stimulate antibody production
Created by: KiahnaL
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