Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biology Module 4
Defintions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume) |
| Atomic number | The number of protons in an atom |
| Elements | A collection of atoms that all have the same number of protons |
| Isotopes | One of several forms of an element, each containing the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons |
| Atomic mass | The sum of all protons and neutrons in an atom |
| Molecule | Chemical that results when two or more atoms join together chemically |
| Compound | A molecule that contains atoms of at least two different elements |
| Ionic bond | A chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
| Ion | Positively or negatively charged atom (or group of atoms) resulting from the transfer of electrons |
| Covalent bond | Chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two or more atoms |
| Polar compound | A molecule in which there is an unequal distribution of the negatively charged electrons causing a partial positive charge at one end and a partial negative charge at the other |
| Hydrogen bond | A weak electrical attraction between a partially positive hydrogen atom and a partially negative atom of another molecule (usually oxygen or nitrogen) |
| Solvent | Any substance in which other substances are dissolved |
| Solute | A dissolved substance |
| Solution | A mixture of solutes dissolved in a solvent |
| Aqueous Solution | A solution in which water is the solvent |
| Cohesion | An attractive force that holds molecules of the same substance together |
| Adhesion | An attractive force that holds molecules of different substances together |
| Heat capacity | The amount of heat energy required to increase the temperature |
| Organic molecules | Molecules found in living organisms that contain carbon rings or long chains, attached to other atoms like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorus |
| Biosynthesis | The process by which living organisms produce larger molecules from smaller ones |
| Isomers | Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula |
| Monosaccharides | Simple sugars; they are the building blocks of more complex carbohydrates |
| Dissaccharides | Carbohydrates that are made up of two monosaccharides |
| Polysaccharides | Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides |
| Dehydration reaction | A chemical reaction in which molecules combine by removing water |
| Starch | A polysaccharide consisting of many glucose molecules |
| Glycogen | A polysaccharide consisting of many glucose molecules stored in animals |
| Cellulose | A polysaccharide consisting of many glucose molecules found in the cell wall of plants |
| Hydrolysis | Breaking down of complex molecules by the chemical addition of water |
| Hydrophobic | Lacking any affinity to water |
| Saturated fat | A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms |
| Unsaturated fat | A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms |
| Steroid | Lipid molecule with four fused carbon rings |
| Amino acids | The basic building blocks of proteins each containing a carboxyl group and an amino group |
| Hydrophilic | Attracts water molecules |
| Peptide bond | A covalent bond that links amino acids together in a polypeptide chain |
| Polypeptide | Many amino acids bonded together forming part of a protein or the whole protein |
| Catalyst | A substance that alters the speed of a chemical reaction but is not used up in the process |
| Activation energy | The energy needed to get reactions started |
| Active site | Area of an enzyme to which a specific substrate fits |
| Denaturation | The process in which the normal shape of a protein is lost, usually due to heat |
| Nucleotides | The building blocks of DNA and RNA |
Created by:
gabbybialas
Popular Biology sets