Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
TOPIC 3
MITOCHONDRIA
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how does centrifugation work | explain |
| what is the role of the plasma membrane | • cell surrounded by plasma membrane (lipid bilayer) • one or more lipid bilayers surround the organelles |
| explain some origins of organelles | diagrams |
| what is the mitochondria and its function | • up to 1μm wide and 10μm long • most cells have hundreds • double membrane leads to multiple compartments • in both plants and animals |
| list some fun facts of the mitochondria | • up to 1μm wide and 10μm long • most cells have hundreds • double membrane leads to multiple compartments • in both plants and animals |
| how does the mitochondria produce energy for the cell | explain |
| how does catabolism in mitochondria work | acetyl CoA |
| what are the compartments in the mitochondria & their roles | inner membrane outer membrane matrix |
| what is glycolysis | • process where glucose is oxidized to pyruvate glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi 2 pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 ATP |
| what is the citric acid cycle | • important for energy production • what are the major products? • where is the pyruvate from? Fig. 10-7 |
| what are the products of TCA cycle | acetyl CoA + 3 NAD+ + FAD + ADP + Pi 2 CO2 + 3 NADH + FADH2 + CoA-SH + ATP FROM 1 GLUCOSE MOLECULE: glucose + 10 NAD+ + 2 FAD + 4 ADP + 4 Pi 6 CO2 + 10 NADH + 2 FADH2 + 4 ATP |
| explain the e- transport chain and why we utilize it | diagram |
| stepwise transfer of e-s (4 complexes) | • this is the mitochondrial ETC • four complexes |
| how many protons are pumped | diagram |
| what is the chemiosmotic hypothesis by Peter Mitchell | • Transfer of electrons in the ETC creates a proton gradient. • Proton gradient leads to chemical gradient ([H+] or pH) and charge gradient proton motive force. Proton motive force (Dp) = chemical gradient (DpH) + charge gradient (D • Redistribution |
| what ist= the definitive experiment | Light causes protons to be pumped into the synthetic vesicle by this protein Bovine heart ATP synthase Synthetic membrane vesicle Biochemistry, 7th edition Figure 18.23 the definitive experiment |
| explain proton motion drives rotation | diagram |
| proton path | Each proton must travel a full circle before being released into the matrix. Biochemistry, 7th edition Figure 18.32 |
| explain ATP synthase | (4 steps) |
| what is ATP yield | 360o rotation of the g-subunit yields 3 ATP. • If the c ring has 10 subunits then each ATP needs 10/3 = 3.33 or ~3 protons to be transported. • Actual value closer to 4 protons/ATP |
| explain oxidative phosphorylation | this process is called chemiosmotic coupling 2 stage process: 1. high energy e-s are used to pump H+ across a membrane 2. H+ flows down the gradient through ATP synthase Fig. 10-26 From the 9th Edition |
| what is the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation | • poisons, such as cyanide, uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in a loss of ATP production • cyanide acts by binding cytochrome oxidase • dinitrophenol can shuttle protons across membranes (shown at left) Fig. 10B-1 |
| what is the overall energy production | 1 GLUCOSE MOLECULE glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi 2 pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 ATP glucose + 10 NAD+ + 2 FAD + 4 ADP + 4 Pi 6 CO2 + 10 NADH + 2 FADH2 + 4 ATP 10NADH + 10H+ + 2FADH2 + 6O2 + ~30ADP + + ~30 Pi 10NAD+ + 2 FAD + 12H2O + ~30ATP |
| what is the complete oxidation of glucose | • ATP is the cellular currency of energy • 30 ATP molecules generated per glucose Table 21.1 |
Created by:
mackenzieecarroll
Popular Biology sets