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243 CH 51, 52
243 EXAM 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| skin functions | sensory perception, thermoregulation, secretion, protection, stores fat, facilitates motion, appearance and identity |
| pathogenesis of skin disease | sunlight, insects, infectious organisms, chemicals, physical agents, genetics |
| pigmented skin disorders | involve melanocytes |
| absence of melanin production | vitiligo, albinism |
| vitiligo | patches of unpigmented skin |
| albinism | overall absence of melanin |
| increase in melanin | mongolian spots |
| allergic dermatitis | poison ivy, latex allergy |
| atopic dermatitis | eczema, poorly defined erythema, edema and vesicles |
| uticaria | hives |
| angioedema | swelling in the deeper dermis, large wheals, swelling of tongue and upper airways |
| drug induced skin eruptions | erythema multiforme minor, steven johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis |
| erythema multiforme minor | ring like erythematous macules and blisters |
| steven johnson syndrome | erythema multiforme major, ulceration of mucous membrane and skin, bigger rash |
| toxic epidermal necrolysis | life threatening, large areas of denuded skin, overall body rash, skin sloughing off |
| psoriasis | circumscribed, red, thickened plaques with silver scales, genetic history, T cell mediated autoimmune, hyperkeratosis |
| hyperkeratosis | increased epidermal cell turnover, thickening of skin |
| arthropod infestations | scabies, pediculosis |
| scabies | mite, burrows in epidermis, lays eggs and larvae that migrate to skin surface, person to person |
| pediculosis | lice, wingless, lives on animal and human blood |
| lyme disease | multisystem inflammatory disease caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi transmitted by tick bites |
| three stages of lyme disease symptoms | localized infection, disseminated infection, lat persistent infections |
| lyme disease disseminated infection | fever, chills, fatigue, muscle and joint aches |
| lyme disease late persistent infection | headache, stiffness, facial palsy, lyme carditis (bacteria in cardiac muscle) |
| lyme disease rash | erythema migrans, bullseye, 3 to 30 days after bite |
| rubella | german measles, caused by togavirus |
| rubella rash | starts in trunk, diffuse to extremities, punctuate, macular rash |
| rubella manifestations | enlarged cervical and postauricular lymph nodes, low grade fever, headache, sore throat, runny nose, cough |
| rubeola | 7 day measles, red measles, acute |
| rubeola rash | macular and blotchy, begins on face, koplick spots over buccal mucosa |
| rubeola manifestations | high fever, malaise, enlarged lymph nodes, conjunctivitis, barking cough |
| varicella | chickenpox produced by varicella zoster, pruritus, cold like symptoms, mild fever |
| stages of varicella | macule, vesicle, granular scab |
| skin tags | outgrowths |
| keratosis | overgrowth, brown moles |
| lentigo | dark pigmented spots |
| tinea | ringworm, body or face, scalp, feet, nail |
| candidal infections | yeast, produced by C albicans, in GI, mouth and vagina, thrives in dark warm places |
| predisposed to fungal infections | diabetics (high blood glucose weakens immune response), antibiotics (disrupts microbiome), contraceptive (hormonal changes), poor nutrition, immunosuppression |
| primary bacterial infections | superficial; impetigo, bullous impetigo, ecthyma |
| impetigo | group A beta hemolytic strep or staph, small vesicles or pustules, large bullae, serous liquid hardens, pruritic |
| bullous impetigo | staph aureus, thin bullae erupt and may coalesce |
| secondary bacterial infections | deep cutaneous, infected ulcers, cellulitis |
| cellulitis | dermis and subcutaneous tissues, portal of entry - wound, scratch, common in legs and hands |
| cellulitis appearance | expanding red, swollen tender, plaque, fever, erythema, heat, edema |
| human papillomavirus | verrucae, warts common benign papilloma |
| herpes simplex type 1 | spread by respiratory droplets or direct contact with infected saliva, oropharyngeal infections |
| herpes simplex type 2 | genital herpes |
| herpes zoster | shingles, chicken pox sits dormant in nerve roots, pattern of rash along dermatome, where nerve root innervates |
Created by:
ahommel
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