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Volcano Vocab

TermDefinition
Volcano An opening in the Earth’s crust that transports material from INSIDE the Earth to the OUTSIDE of the Earth
Viscosity a liquid’s resistance to flow
Ring of Fire The zone of earthquakes and volcanoes surrounding the Pacific Ocean
Tsunami Large ocean wave created by undersea earthquakes or volcanic eruptions
Pyroclastic Flow When large amounts of trapped gas, volcanic ash, and rock explodes out creating an avalanche of destruction
Lahar A mudslide made of pyroclastic material (volcanic ash, debris, and melted snow) that destroys everything in its path
Lava Molten rock that erupts from volcanoes
Magma Molten rock that is found beneath the earth's surface
Shield Form when low viscosity lava oozes out and cools in layers. Creates broad/ gradually sloping volcanoes
Composite Form when layers of high viscosity lava and ash spill out and cool on top of each other. Creates steep sloping volcanoes
Caldera Form when a volcano has such a violent eruption that the magma chamber empties and collapses on itself
Extinct A Volcano that will not erupt again
Dormant A volcano that has not erupted recently, but may do so in the future
Active A volcano that is erupting or has erupted recently
Mt. St. Helens in 1980, this Washington State mountain gave North America its largest volcanic eruption
Cone Mountains formed from the build up of volcanic lava often take this shape
Fissure An opening or crack in the Earth's surface through which lava flows
Krakatoa 1883 volcanic eruption in southeast Asia that killed 36,000 people
Colombia The eruption of Nevado del Ruiz with its devastating mud slides occurred in this South American nation in 1985
Magma Chamber A large pool of liquid rock beneath the surface of the Earth.
Secondary Vent Smaller openings in a volcano from which magma erupts
Pyroclastic Debris A dense, fast-moving flow of solidified lava pieces, volcanic ash, and hot gases
Main Vent The channel through which magma travels to reach the Earth's surface
Crater A bowl-shaped feature containing one or more vents in a volcano
Created by: AFrazierES8
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