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Science Explosion 14
BJU 6th Science - Chapter 13
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Traits | characteristics |
Genes | small pieces of DNA in chromosomes |
DNA | chemical code that tells cells what to do |
Heredity | passing of traits from parents to offspring |
Inherited | received traits from parents |
Purebred plant | plants that show the same trait for many generations when pollinated naturally |
P generation | parent generation |
Hybrid | plants produced by crossing purebred parents that each have different forms of the same trait |
Dominant trait | characteristic shown in hybrid generation |
Recessive trait | hidden in hybrid generation and can appear in later generations |
Phenotype | physical appearance of an organism |
Genotype | arrangement of genes in an organism |
Codominant | both genes expressed |
Incomplete dominance | blending of genes (red flower+white flower=pink flower) |
Pedigree | "family tree" that traces a trait |
Sex-linked trait | traits passed from mother to son (like colorblindeness) |
Sickle cell anemia | disease with abnormal, sickle shaped red blood cells |
Cystic Fibrosis | genetic disease affecting lungs and digestive system |
Down syndrome | genetic disorder caused by extra chromosome |
Genetic engineering | involves changing or tranfering genes from one organism to another |