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Biology U6
Evolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the five main lines of evidence that support evolution as descent with modification? | 1. fossil evidence showing changes in species composition over geologic time 2. similarities in anatomical structures of living species and fossils 3. observation and experimentation 4. sim./diff. in DNA sequence 5. sim./diff. in amino acids sequence |
| How old is the earth? | 4.6 billion years old |
| What is the geologic timeline based on? | Earth's geology, climate, and evolution of life |
| How long ago did multicellular life evolve? | between 1.5 and 1.2 billion years |
| How did scientists estimate when the common ancestor of multicellular life evolve? | compared DNA sequencing |
| How long ago did the common ancestor of multicellular life evolve? | 1.5 billion years ago |
| How long ago did the first fossil evidence of algae date back? | 1.2 billlion years |
| List the four times into a chronological list: oldest to youngest | Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic |
| List the four characteristics of the Precambrian period. | Diversification of life in the ocean Oldest eukaryotic fossils Oldest prokaryotic fossils Origin of Earth |
| List the five characteristics of the Paleozoic period. | Mass extinction of 95% of species insects diversify Vertebrates appear and diversify Life takes to land gymnosperms appear |
| List the three characetristics of the Mesozoic period. | angiosperms appear Dinosaurs appear and evolve Dinsaurs die |
| List the five characteristics of the Cenozoic period. | Ice ages Angiosperm diversify mammals diversify first bipedal hominids Apes diversify |
| What does radiometric dating methods determine? | the absolute age of rocks based on the constant decay rate of radioactive isotopes |
| What are isotopes? | elements with different atomic masses due to variation in the number of nuetrons |
| How many isotopes of carbon of there, name them. | 3 Carbon-12 Carbon-13 Carbon-14 |
| What is the most common isotope of carbon? | Carbon -12 |
| Does Carbon-12 decay? | No |
| Does Carbon-14 decay? What does it decay to? | Yes, Nitrogen |
| What are the four periods of time in chronological order: oldest to youngest. | Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic |
| What happened during the Precambrian period? | Diversification of life in the ocean Oldest eukaryotic fossils Oldest prokaryotic fossils Origin of Earth |
| What happened during the Paleozoic period? | Mass extinction of 95% of species Vertebrates appear and evolve Life takes to land |
| What happened during the Mesozoic period? | Dinosaur appear, then die First flowering plants |
| What happened during the Cenozoic period? | Ice ages Apes appear and diversify Bipedal hominids Flowering plants diversify Mammals and birds diversify |
| What do geochemists use to reconstruct the past? | geologic, climate, and evolutionary events of the past |
| What does radiometric dating determine? | the absolute age of rocks based on the constant decay of isotopes |
| What are isotopes? | elements with different atomic masses due to variations in the number of neutrons |
| How many isotopes does Carbon have and their names? | Three Carbon-12, 13, 14 |
| What is the most stable carbon isotope? | Carbon-12 |
| Does Carbon-12 decay? | No |
| What does Carbon-14 decay to? | Nitrogen |
| Carbon-14 is the parent isotope of what? | Nitrogen |
| What is a half-life? | The time it takes for half of Carbon-14 to deca |
| How long is the Carbon-14 half-life? | 5,730 |
| What kind of rocks can be used for radiometric dating? | Volcanic and Metamorphic |
Created by:
Lilly_Floyd
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