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Circulatory System
Blood, Blood Vessels and the heart and the lymphatic system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the components that make up the blood. | Platelets, white blood cells, red blood cells and plasma |
| Give the functions for each of the components of blood. | platelets-forms clots to stop bleeding WBC-fight infections RBC-carry oxygen around body Plasma-carries dissolved substances around body (amino acids, hormones, glucose, CO2, urea etc) |
| Where are RBC and WBC made? | the bone marrow |
| Give the features of a RBC | biconcave disc structure, contains haemoglobin, no nucleus |
| Where are dead RBC broken down? | the liver and spleen |
| Name the two types of WBC and their functions. | Monocyte-act as a patrol, engulfs their prey Lymphocyte-makes antibodies |
| Name the components of the circulatory system | the heart, the blood vessels, the blood |
| What blood type is the Universal donor? | O-: no foreign antigens/Rh factor for WBC to attack |
| What blood type is the Universal accepter? | AB+: every factor is available so any blood will be accepted |
| What is the Rhesus (Rh) factor? | positive (+) blood types do have this factor while negative (-) blood types do not |
| Name the four blood types classified by letter | A: all A antigens on outside of cells B: all B antigens AB: A and B antigens O: has no A or B antigens |
| Name the three types of blood vessels | arteries, veins, capillaries |
| Name the functions of the three different blood vessels | A- carries blood under high pressure from heart to body (O) V- carries blood under low pressure from body to heart (DO) C- carries blood under lower pressure between V and A |
| Name the structural differences between the blood vessels | A- small lumen, thick walls with muscle fibre and elastic tissue V- large lumen, has valves to prevent backflow of blood C- walls are one cell thick so that substances diffuse easily across the wall |
| Where is the heart located? | the left side of the thoracic cavity |
| What are the two circuits the heart has and give their directions | The Systemic Circuit: beats heart ->body ->heart The Pulmonary Circuit: beats heart -> lungs ->heart |
| What blood vessel supplies the cardiac muscle with blood? | The Coronary Arteries |
| What is a pulse? | the alternate expansion and contraction of the arteries |
| What is blood pressure? | the force the blood exerts against the wall of a blood vessel |
| What does the term 'pulmonary' have to do with? | The lungs |
| What does systole mean? | the heart is contracting |
| What does diastole mean? | the heart is relaxing |
| Where is the SA node located and what does it do? | The right atrium- causes the atria to contract by sending an electrical impulse to the AV node |
| Where is the AV node and what does it do? | Between the atria and the ventricles in the septum- picks up electrical impulses from the SA node and sends signal down the septum |
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sjbuzb
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