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Science

Inside Earth Chapter 3 Sections 1/2/3

TermDefinition
Volcano Erupting vent through which molten rock surfaces; creating and destructing mountains.
Magma Molten rock beneath the Earth surface.
Lava Magma that flows out onto Earth's surface.
Ring of Fire An area where large numbers of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean.
Island Arc A string of islands formed by the volcanoes along a deep ocean trench.
Hotspot An area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it.
Magma Chamber Pocket of magma beneath Earth's surface.
Pipe A long tube into the ground that connects the magma chamber to Earth's surface.
Vent Opening of a volcano where magma is forced up.
Lava Flow Melted rock flowing on the surface of the Earth.
Crater Circular depression at the top of a volcano.
Silica A material found in magma that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon.
Pahoehoe A hot, fast-moving type of lava that hardens to form smooth, rope-like coils.
aa A slow-moving type of lava that hardens to form rough chunks; cooler than pahoehoe.
Pyroclastic Flow A super-heated cloud of ash, gas and rock.
Active Volcano A volcano that is currently erupting or likely to erupt.
Dormant Volcano When it is not erupting but capable of erupting in the future.
Extinct Volcano A volcano that no longer erupts and is in the process of eroding.
Hot Spring A pool of groundwater that has risen to the surface after being heated by a nearby body of magma.
Geyser Fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground.
Geothermal Underground heat warms water, and steam turns turbines and generators.
Shield Volcano Long, low sloping sides, lava erupted through vents and fissures. A steep cone shaped hill made of volcanic ash around the volcano's opening.
Cinder Cone Volcano A steep cone shaped hill made of volcanic ash around the volcano's opening.
Composite Volcano A volcano constructed of alternating layers of pyroclastic debris and lava flows (also known as a stratocone volcano)
Created by: peckcam11
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