Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
family bacteriaceae
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| enterobacteriaceae | gram - rods/coccobacilli commensals of intestines |
| enterobacteriaceae genus and species | a spectrum of biochemical types containing peaks of similar biochemical activity |
| how are enterobacteriaceae species subdivided? | sub-divided by serotyping |
| how are enterobacteriaceae further subdivided? | phage typing; plasmid profiles; ribosomal RNA |
| habitat of enterobacteriaceae | saprophytic to parasitic |
| cultural characteristics of enterobacteriaceae | facultative anaerobes |
| enterobacteriaceae media requirements | NOT fastidious with many selective media |
| does enterobacteriaceae have selective media? | yes, macconkey, EMB, TSI |
| colonial morphology of enterobacteriaceae | all similar with variations in hemolysis, mucoid, and spreading |
| T/F most lab tests were designed for enterobacteriaceae | True |
| enterobacteriaceae is fermentation of lactose | LF and NLF; LF are coliforms |
| antigens of enterobacteriaceae | O, H, K, F |
| O antigen of enterobacteriaceae | non-spreading; somatic; from outer membrane polysaccharides; heat stable |
| H antigen of enterobacteriaceae | spreading; flagellar; heat labile |
| k antigen of enterobacteriaceae | capsular, carbohydrate; heat labile +/- |
| F antigen of enterobacteriaceae | fimbrial; heat labile |
| Major pathogens of enterobacteriaceae | escherichia coli, salmonella, yersinia, shigella |
| common opportunists of enterobacteriaceae | klebsiella, enterobacter, proteus |
| enterobacteriaceae virulence factors | endotoxin, capsules, fimbriae, diserophores, exotoxins, exoenzymes |
| siderophores | virulence factor of enterobacteriaceae, Fe binding protein |
| LF enterobacteriaceae | escherichia>klebsiella>enterobacter, citrobacter, ect |
| habitat of escherichia coli | intestine |
| morphology of escherichia coli | typical and motile |
| cultural characteristics of escherichia coli | some beta hemalytic, Lactose fermenting |
| antigens of escherichia coli | O, H, K, F |
| bacterial factors of escherichia coli | fimbriae, exotoxins, hemolysins, CNF, siderophores, serum resistance, endotoxin, capsule |
| e.coli F4 fimbriae | PIGLETS, age, receptors |
| e.coli F8 fimbriae | calves, lambs, piglets |
| e.coli F6 fimbriae | neonatal calves, pigs |
| e.coli F41 | calves, lambs, piglets |
| e.coli 8813 fimbriae | weaned pigs |
| ecoli F107 fimbriae | "edema dz" in pigs |
| e.coli vir pili adhesin | septicemia in calves, lambs |
| e.coli curli adhesin | poultry, mastitis in cows |
| enterotoxins of ecoli | LT, ST, verotoxin |
| effects of LT enterotoxin of ecoli | diarrhea in piglets from hypersecretion |
| effect of ST enterotoxin of ecoli | STa= antiabsorpitve in calves and pigs; STb stimulates secretion in pigs |
| verotoxin of ecoli aka | shiga-like toxin, SLT |
| effect of verotoxin of ecoli | absorbed from intestine and binds to vascular endothelium |
| which enterotoxins of ecoli affect the intestines | enterotoxins and verotoxins |
| pathogenesis of enterotoxins | hemolysins, cytotoxic necrotising factor, iron uptake systems, serum resistance, endotoxin, capsule |
| diseases of ecoli are | intestinal or extraintestinal |
| intestinal diseases of ecoli are... | enterotoxigenic or verotoxigenic |
| ETEC | enterotoxigenic |
| VTEC, EHEC, AEEC | verotoxigenic |
| what are 2 characteristics of enterotoxigenic intestinal dz of ecoli | colonization and toxin production (LT, ST) |
| what are the 2 peak times of ETEC in pigs | at <1wk age and at post weaning |
| why are pigs infected with ETEC at <1wk of age | acid barrier is not yet formed, normal flora is not yet formed, receptors, sensitive cells |
| why are pigs infected with ETEC at a post weaning age | villous atrophy, sows milk |
| "white scours" | ETEC in calves and lambs |
| at what age does ETEC occur in calves and lambs | up to 3 weeks of age YOUNG |
| 'edema dz' in pigs | caused by ecoli; VTEC |
| what are the host factors of edema dz | over eating, genetics, stress |
| VTEC in calves | hemorrhagic colitis |
| VTEC in humans | hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome |
| specific agent of ecoli affecting humans | O157:H7 |
| how do humans become infected with ecoli 0157:H7 | animal sources-mainly beef |
| EPEC | enteropathogenic ecoli |
| effects of EPEC | damage to intestinal epithelium; human infants and rabbits |
| what are the types of extra intestinal ecoli | extension of intestinal infection OR local contamination |
| extraintestinal ecoli forms | septicemias, UTI, pyometra, mastitis, MMA, navel ill, joint ill |
| what is neonatal septicemia known as | systemic colibacillosis |
| most important host factor of neonatal septicemias | agammaglobulinemia |
| how does neonatal septicemias occur | intestine of neonate permits passage of bacteria |
| age of neonatal septicemias in calves/lambs | <1wk |
| neonatal septicemias in piglets | less common, polyserositis |
| epidemiology of intestinal infections | fecal-oral |
| epidemiology of extraintestinal infections | various routes |
| lab diagnosis of ecoli | by demonstration of the organism, heavy colonization of site |
| what to keep in mind when dx ecoli | normal flora, post mortem invaders |
| what do lab tests of ecoli look for | serotypes, fimbrial antigens, toxins, genes |
| tx of ecoli | test the sensitivity, can be highly resistant, fluid replacement therapy |
| methods for control of ecoli | hygiene, env, diet change, vaccination |
| methods for prevention of ecoli | colostrum, umbilicus, quarantine, prophylaxis with care |
| lactose fermenting property of klebsiella spp | lactose fermenting |
| opportunistity of klebsiella | mainly opportunistic extra intestinal |
| capsules of klebsiella | large |
| klebsiella species | K.pneumoniae; K. pneumoniae var genitalium |
| K. pneumoniae | bovine environmental mastitis, secondary cause of |
| K. pneumnoniae var genitalium | causes infertility in mares; spread from stallion |
| salmonella fermenting properties | non-lactose fermentating |
| salmonella subgroup 1 | S. enterica subsp enterica |
| host for S. enterica subsp enterica | mammals (warm blooded) |
| salmonella subgroup III | S. enterica subsp arizonae |
| hosts of S. enterica subsp arizonae | reptiles, cold blooded animals |
| which subgroup of salmonella is zoonotic | Subgroup III; S. enterica subsp arizonae |
| *naming of salmonella species | is commonly named after serotype |
| what is the most common zoonosis of salmonella | salmonella enterica |
| diff between ecoli and salmonella naming | ecoli after toxins; salmonella after serotypes |
| habitat of S enterica subsp enterica (sbgrp I) | intestines of warm blooded animals |
| habitat of S. enterica subsp arizonae (sbgrp III) | intestines of cold blooded animals OR environment |
| most common test for samonella | TSI |
| antigens of salmonella | O, H, and Vi |
| H antigen of salmonella | phase 1 and phase 2 |
| Vi capsule of salmonella | associated with virulence |
| 2 tests used in determining phases of H antigen | craigie tube, jamieson bridge |
| pathogenesis of salmonella | host specificity, carriers, and manifestation of the disease |
| bacterial factors of salmonella | enterotoxins, cytotoxins, siderophores, endotoxin, capsules, intracellular survival |
| what bacterial factor makes salmonella unique | intracellular survival |
| age affected by salmonella | young |
| host factors of salmonella | age, normal flora, stress, carriers being active/latent/passive |
| what are the carrier states of salmonella | active, latent, passive |
| intestinal dz of salmonella characteristics | invasion of enterocytes, damage lamina propria, PMN, enterotoxins, diarrhea |
| extra intestinal dz of salmonella | via septicemia OR local infections |
| susceptibility ranking to salmonella | cattle, sheep, horses> pigs, poultry> dogs, cats |
| what species does S. dublin infect | Cattle |
| what are symptoms of S. dublin in cattle | enteritis, septicemia, abortion, osteomyelitis, meningitis, jt ill, terminal dry gangrene |
| "dry gangrene" in cattle is caused by | S. dublin |
| S. dublin is a herd problem therefore... | difficult to eradicate |
| which salmonella is common in calves | S. typhimurium |
| S. typhimurium is ------ in calves, ------ outbreaks, and are often caused by salepens | common-------sporadic |
| which salmonellas occur in sheep and goats | S. abortus-ovis, S dublin, S montevideo, S typhimurium, S anatum |
| which salmonellas occur in horses | S abortus-equi, S typhimurium |
| which types of horses are particularly susceptible to salmonella spp | foals and stressed adults |
| which salmonellas occur in pigs | S cholerae, S typhi-suis, S typhimurium |
| which salmonellas occur in poulty | S pullorum, S gallinarum, S arizonae, S enteritidis, S typhimurium |
| salmonella which causes bacillary white diarrhoea | S pullorum |
| which salmonella causes fowl typhoid | S gallinarum |
| zoonotic potential of salmonella | zoonotic, host adapted |
| what is the zoonotic source for salmonella and why | from another animal; intracellular survival |
| what is the route of infection for salmonella | fecal-oral |
| what are the 2 reserviors of salmonella | animals as carriers AND egg transmission in poultry |
| descibe the phages of salmonella | specific, lytic/temperate, different patterns of lysis |
| what 3 lab diagnosis tech are used for salmonella | demonstration of organism, demonstration of immune response, histopathology |
| what is characteristic of salmonella lab diagnosis | fewer organisms in gut and carrier state |
| technique of demonstrating immune response in cattle and poultry | cattle= herd test ; poultry= target BWD for eradication |
| describe histopathy in diagnosis of salmonella | suggestive but not pathogonomic |
| where are live species of salmonella collected from | feces, affected tissue, blood (clotted or not) |
| where are samples of salmonella collected from in the dead animal | ileum, MLN, organs |
| why is antibiotic use in salmonella controversial | prolonged excretion, encourages carriers, selects resistance, prophylaxis increases susceptibility, treating horses orally makes them worse |
| control and prevention of salmonella | avoid introducing inf, limit spread, vaccinate, competitive exclusion |
| how is salmonella inf introduced | carrier animals, salepens, contaminated feed, commercial transport, rodents |
| how do you limit spread of salmonella | early detection, quarantine, hygiene, prophylaxis |
| what are the properties of the salmonella vaccines | specific, variable results, may interfere with serotesting |
| nurmi principle | establishment of normal flora so salmonella may not flouurish |
| what salmonella are non lactose fermenters | salmonella, proteus, shigella, yersinia |
| urease reaction of proteus | positive |
| growth of proteus | swarming growth on plates |
| proteus lactose fermenting characteristic | NLF |
| habitat of proteus | occasional extra intestinal inf especially UTI |
| proteus invasiveness | rapid PM invaders |
| importance of shigella in domestic animals | not important |
| what species is shigella important in | humans and primates |
| what was yersinia formally known as | pasteurella |
| cause of bubonic plague | yersinia pestis |
| what does bubonic mean | swelling of lymph nodes |
| illustrator of all key concepts of bacteriology | yersinia pestis (bubonic plague) |
| describe the sylvatic cycle of bubonic plague | natural cycle; is a dz of rats spread by fleas |
| zoonotic potential of bubonic plague | yes |
| what species has yersinia pestis | rat |
| what species spreads yersinia pestis | fleas |
| what is bubonic plague known as | the black death |
| list the 3 stages of bubonic plague | bubonic--> septicemic--> pneumonic |
| characteristics of bubonic stage | swollen burbors (LN) |
| what are characteristics of septicemic stage of the plague | death |
| what are characteristics of the pneumonic stage of the plague | inc # excreted |
| which stages of the plague are considered rapid | septicemic and pneumonic |
| characteristics of plague in cats | acute septicemia to inapparent |
| zoonotic potential of plague in cats | transmission to man by aerosol, bites/scratch, fleas |
| reservior of yersinia pseudotuberculosis | rodents and birds |
| mode of inf of yersinia pseudotuberculosis | fecal oral |
| species infected by yersinia pseudotuberculosis | rabbits, guinea pigs, rodents, birds, man, sheep |
| yersinia pseudotuberculosis is commonest in ... | lab animals |
| area infected and dz caused by yersinia pseudotuberculosis | mesenteric lymph nodes---acute septicemic chronic nodule |
| what are carriers of yersinia enterocolitica | farm animals esp pigs |
| what species does yersinia enterocolitica | chinchillas, hares, deer, simians, man |
| why is yersinia enterocolita important in man | is number one cause of food poisoning |
| enteric redmouth in farmed salmonids | yersinia ruckeri |
Created by:
pferdyvet
Popular Biology sets