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Chapter 10

Fossil The preserved remains of an ancient animal.
Catastrophism The idea that conditions and organisms on Earth change in quick, violent events.
Uniformitarianism The geologic processes that occur today are similar to those that have occurred in the past.
Carbon film The fossilized carbon outlined of an organism or part of an organism.
Mold The impression in a rock left by an ancient organism.
Cast A fossil copy filled with sediment or mineral deposits.
Trace fossil The preserved evidence of the activity of an organism.
Paleontologist Scientists that study fossils.
Relative age The age of rocks and geologic features compared with other rocks and features nearby.
Superposition The principle that in undisturbed rock layers, the oldest rocks are on the bottom.
Inclusion A piece of older rock that becomes part of new rock.
Unconformity A surface where rock has eroded away, producing a break, or gap, in the rock record.
Correlation Matching rocks and fossils from separate locations.
Index Fossil Species that existed on the Earth for a short length of time, were abundant, and inhabited many locations.
Absolute age The numerical age, in years of a rock or object.
Isotope Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
Radioactive decay It is the process by which an unstable element naturally changes into another stable element.
Half-life The time required for half of the parent isotopes to decay into daughter isotopes.
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