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Test .3,.4,.5
Biology Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the cell membrane? | A barrier that separates a cell from its external environment |
| A cell membrane is composed of what? | 2 phospholipid layers/ Phospholipid bilayer |
| What are the 2 major functions of the cell membrane? | -Forms boundary between inside & outside of cell -Controls passage of materials |
| What describes the membrane? | Fluid mosaic model |
| What is the fluid mosaic model? | Mosaic- Several pieces or parts make a whole Fluid- Phospholipid layers are flexible and can move |
| What does it mean that the cell membrane is 'selectively permeable'? | - that the membrane lets some molecules pass and others to not pass |
| What forms the interior of the membrane? | The fatty acid tails that face in cause they don't like water |
| What forms the exterior of the membrane? | Phospholipid (polar) head that face the watery environment outside the cell |
| What is something that is transmitted across the cell mebrane? | Chemical signals |
| What do receptors do? | Bind with protiens and change shape |
| What are the 2 types of receptors? | -intercellular receptor (inside the cell) -membrane receptors (outside the cell) |
| Why do materials move across the membrane? | - Because of concentration differences |
| Passive transport does not require what? | Energy input from the cell |
| What are the 2 types of passive transport | Diffusion & Osmosis |
| What is osmosis? | The diffusion of water molecules across the membrane |
| What are the 3 types of solutions? | Isotonic- across the membrane Hypertonic- outside the cell (out of the cell) Hypotonic- inside the cell (into the cell) |
| Some molecules can only diffuse through what? | Transport protiens |
| What is facilitated diffusion? | Diffusion through transport protiens that need help and take energy from the cell |
| What is active transport and what does it need? | It needs energy input from the cell and it enables a cell to move a substance against concentration gradient |
| Does passive transport require energy? | NO |
| Does active transport require energy? | YES- is powered by chemical energy (ATP) and occurs through transport protein pumps |
| What do cells use active transport to do? | Maintain homeostasis |
| What can a cell do during endocytosis and exocytosis? | They can import or export large materials or large amounts of material in vesicles |
| Organize the terms isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic in order from the solution with the lowest concentration of dissolved particles to the highest concentration? | Hypotonic, isotonic, hypertonic |
| What do cells use energy to do? | Transport materials in vesicles |
| What is endocytosis? | Process of taking materials into the cell |
| What is a type of endocytosis? | Phagocytosis |
| What is exocytosis? | Process of expelling material from a cell |
| What is diffusion? | The movement of molecules from high to low concentration |
| What is the membrane made of | Molecules called phospholipids |
| What are the three parts of the membrane? | charged phosphate group, glycerol, and two fatty acid chains |
Created by:
astei
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