Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
ap bio unit 4 part 3
bacteria
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| typically reproduce by asexual _____ _______ | binary fission |
| binary fission | circular DNA chromosome attaches to cell membrane and replicates, then bacteria cleaves in half with one chromosome in each half |
| haploid | contains one set of DNA instructions |
| diploid | 2 sets of DNA instructions |
| plasmids | small, circular accessory molecules of DNA |
| conjugation (F+/F-) | a form of genetic material exchange in procaryotes (bacteria sex) |
| F+ | contains sex factor plasmid |
| F- | does not contain sex factor plasmid |
| sex factor plasmid | - contains info for pilus formation and info to alter cell wall - contains genes that have nothing to do with sex (help break down food, resistance to drugs, etc) |
| tranformation | when bacteria take in pieces of genetic info from surrounding environment (like what happened in Griffith's experiment) |
| transduction | - somewhat opposite process of viral DNA moving into the host DNA - the virus assembles host DNA and carries it to another host |
| transposons | "jumping genes" - exist both in eu/prokaryotes sequences of DNA that r able to copy themselves and move locations - sequences are like introns that won't go away "introns from hell" - causes genetic variability |
| defense system | the reason why phages haven't exterminated all the bacteria |
| restriction endonuclease enzymes | found in bacteria that cut up foreign DNA at specific sites in DNA (restriction enzymes) (deactivates viral DNA) |
| conjugation between an F+ E.coli and an F- cell results in the F- cell becoming F+ | true |
| the sex factor in E. coli is not autonomous because... | it can be integrated into bacterial chromosomes |
| in bacterial conjugation, usually only part of a chromosome is transferred from the donor cell to the recipient cell | true |
| studies of Hfr conjugation suggested that some genes can move | true |
| during transduction... | a virus transfers bacterial genes from one bacterium to another |
| restriction endonucleases | are enzymes used to cut DNA at specific sites, creating sticky ends |
| gene cloning, using radioactive cDNA can be used to map genes | true |
| a plasmid is... | self-replicating nonchromosomal circle of DNA |
| bacteria that harbor a provirus are said to be... | lysogenic |
| the process by which a virus transfers genes from one bacterial cell to another is called... | transduction |
| one problem with using the artificial transformation technique to insert genes from one organism into cells of another kind of organism such as bacteria is that... | the foreign genes generally contain introns that bacteria are unable to remove |
| gene cloning steps 1-3: | 1. mRNA molecules coding for the desired product are isolated 2. a cDNA copy of mRNA is made using reverse transcriptase and the DNA strand is replicated 3. restriction endonucleases are used to cut DNA and plasmid, producing sticky ends |
| gene cloning steps 4-5: | 4. the plasmid DNA and cloned gene are joined and sealed by ligase 5. the plasmid is inserted into the bacterial host cell |
Created by:
tpolinsky24
Popular Biology sets