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7.1, 7.2 Vocab BIOLO

cell structures

QuestionAnswer
cell basic unit of living organisms
cell theory 1. New cells come from preexisting cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of living organisms. 3. All living things are composed of cells.
nucleus membrane-bound organelle that contains genetic information (DNA)
eukaryote cells containing membrane-bound organelles
prokaryote cells that don't contain membrane-bound organelles
organelles small structures in the cell that behave like "little organs"
cytoplasm fluid found outside of the nucleus
nuclear envelope two membranes that surround the nucleus allowing DNA and RNA out of the nucleus
chromatin DNA wrapped around proteins (histones)
chromosomes supercoiled DNA
nucleolus location of ribosome assembly/formation
ribosome small particles of rRNA that read mRNA to build proteins
rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) membrane-bound organelle that's the site of protein synthesis, studded with ribosomes
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) membrane-bound organelle that's the site of lipid synthesis and drug detoxification
Golgi apparatus, Golgi body membrane-bound organelle where proteins are modified, sorted, and packaged to be released from the cell
lysosome membrane-bound organelle filled with enzymes that digest lipids, carbs, proteins, or the entire cell
vacuole membrane-bound organelle used to store water, salts, proteins, and carbs.
mitochondria membrane-bound organelle that converts chemical energy in food to energy useable by the cell
chloroplast membrane-bound organelle that converts light energy to chemical energy through photosynthesis
cytoskeleton protein filaments that help maintain the shape of the cell and move the cell
centrioles microtubules that help animal cells divide
Created by: hortonj
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